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In early April 2017, five weeks before passing through perihelion, the dust-poor comet C/2015 ER61 was observed to undergo a major outburst, during which its intrinsic brightness increased briefly by about 2 mag. Evidence is presented in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-11 Zdenek Sekanina

We present observations using the Baade Magellan and Canada-France-Hawaii telescopes showing that main-belt comet 324P/La Sagra, formerly known as P/2010 R2, has become active again for the first time since originally observed to be active…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 Henry H. Hsieh , Scott S. Sheppard

Context: The 440 Myr old main-sequence A-star Fomalhaut is surrounded by an eccentric debris belt with sharp edges. This sort of a morphology is usually attributed to planetary perturbations, but the orbit of the only planetary candidate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-21 G. Cataldi , A. Brandeker , G. Olofsson , C. H. Chen , W. R. F. Dent , I. Kamp , A. Roberge , B. Vandenbussche

The planet-forming disk of HD 142527 is known for its azimuthally asymmetric dust trap, shadows, and spiral arms. We use new ALMA observations to investigate the molecular composition and to determine the ongoing chemical processes and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-29 Milou Temmink , Ewine F. van Dishoeck , Alice S. Booth , Nienke van der Marel , Myriam Benisty , Michiel R. Hogerheijde

Comet 17P/Holmes underwent a massive outburst in 2007 Oct., brightening by a factor of almost a million in under 48 hours. We used infrared images taken by the Wide-Field Survey Explorer mission to characterize the comet as it appeared at a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 R. Stevenson , J. M. Bauer , E. A. Kramer , T. Grav , A. K. Mainzer , J. R. Masiero

Main Belt comets represent a recently discovered class of objects. They are quite intriguing because, while having a Tisserand invariant value higher than 3, are showing cometary activity. We study the activity of the Main Belt comets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Maria Teresa Capria , Simone Marchi , Maria Cristina De Sanctis , Angioletta Coradini , Eleonora Ammannito

Context. During their journey to perihelion, comets may appear in the field-of-view of space-borne optical instruments, showing in some cases a nicely developed plasma tail extending from their coma and exhibiting an oscillatory behaviour.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 G. Nisticò , V. Vladimirov , V. M. Nakariakov , K. Battams , V. Bothmer

The study of active asteroids has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years since the recognition of main-belt comets (which orbit in the main asteroid belt, but exhibit comet-like activity due to the sublimation of volatile ices)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-09 Henry H. Hsieh

Main-belt asteroid 2010 LH$_{15}$ has been classified as an active asteroid, based on the recent discovery of dust activity from the archival images observed in 2010 and 2019. In this study, we perform measurements and dynamical modeling of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 Bin Liu , Cunhui Li , Zhongcheng Mu , Xiaodong Liu

We study the development of activity in the incoming long-period comet C/2017 K2 over the heliocentric distance range 9 < r_H < 16 AU. The comet continues to be characterized by a coma of sub-millimeter and larger particles ejected at low…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-24 David Jewitt , Yoonyoung Kim , Max Mutchler , Jessica Agarwal , Jing Li , Harold Weaver

We report the discovery of mid-infrared excess emission in the young object RZ Psc. The excess constitutes ~8% of its Lbol, and is well fit by a single 500K black-body implying a dust free region within 0.7AU for optically thick dust. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 W. J. de Wit , V. P. Grinin , I. S. Potravnov , D. N. Shakhovskoi , A. Müller , M. Moerchen

We present initial observations of the interstellar body 2I/(2019 Q4) Borisov taken to determine its nature prior to the perihelion in 2019 December. Images from the Nordic Optical Telescope show a prominent, morphologically stable dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 David Jewitt , Jane Luu

Evaporating rocky exoplanets, such as KIC 12557548b, eject large amounts of dust grains, which can trail the planet in a comet-like tail. When such objects occult their host star, the resulting transit signal contains information about the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-30 R. van Lieshout , M. Min , C. Dominik , M. Brogi , T. de Graaff , S. Hekker , M. Kama , C. U. Keller , A. Ridden-Harper , T. I. M. van Werkhoven

While most of the known debris discs present cold dust at tens of AU, a few young systems exhibit hot dust analogous to the Zodiacal dust. $\eta$ Corvi is particularly interesting as it is old and it has both, with its hot dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 S. Marino , M. C. Wyatt , O. Panic , L. Matra , G. M. Kennedy , A. Bonsor , Q. Kral , W. R. F Dent , G. Duchene , D. Wilner , C. M. Lisse , J. -F. Lestrade , B. Matthews

SuWt2 is a planetary nebula (PN) consisting of a bright ionized thin ring seen nearly edge-on. It has a bright (V=12) central star, too cool to ionize the PN, which we discovered to be an eclipsing binary. A spectrum from IUE did not reveal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 K. Exter , Howard E. Bond , Keivan G. Stassun , B. Smalley , P. F. L. Maxted , D. L. Pollacco

We present a series of observations of the return of activity in main-belt comet 238P/Read. Using data obtained in July and August 2010 when 238P appeared to be largely inactive, we find best-fit IAU phase function parameters of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Henry H. Hsieh , Karen J. Meech , Jana Pittichova

Imaging polarimetry enables the spatially resolved investigation of cometary dust properties across different morphological structures. While cometary comae have been studied thoroughly in the pertinent literature, cometary tails have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Mirza Arnaut , Christian Wöhler , Pritish Halder , Goldy Ahuja , Shashikiran Ganesh , Megha Bhatt

We study the activity evolution of the main-belt comet 324P/La Sagra over time and the properties of its emitted dust. We performed aperture photometry on images taken by a wide range of telescopes at optical and thermal infrared…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-07 M. Mastropietro , Y. Kim , H. H. Hsieh , J. Agarwal

KIC 12557548 b is first of a growing class of intriguing disintegrating planet candidates, which lose mass in the form of a metal rich vapor that condenses into dust particles. Here, we follow up two perplexing observations of the system:…

Hopes are being widely expressed that C/2023 A3 could become a naked-eye object about the time of its perihelion passage in late 2024. However, based on its past and current performance, the comet is expected to disintegrate before reaching…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-09 Zdenek Sekanina