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Computing the top eigenvectors of a matrix is a problem of fundamental interest to various fields. While the majority of the literature has focused on analyzing the reconstruction error of low-rank matrices associated with the retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Ruo-Chun Tzeng , Po-An Wang , Florian Adriaens , Aristides Gionis , Chi-Jen Lu

We study the sensitivity of the eigenvectors of random matrices, showing that even small perturbations make the eigenvectors almost orthogonal. More precisely, we consider two deformed Wigner matrices $W+D_1$, $W+D_2$ and show that their…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Giorgio Cipolloni , László Erdős , Joscha Henheik , Oleksii Kolupaiev

We study the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of random matrices with iid entries. Let $N$ be a random matrix with iid entries which have symmetric distribution. For each unit eigenvector $\mathbf{v}$ of $N$ our main results provide a small…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-23 Kyle Luh , Sean O'Rourke

We find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the n by n matrix with (i,j) entry \binom(i-1,n-j), establishing a conjecture of Peele and Stanica. Curiously, the eigenvectors can be chosen to form a matrix which is its own inverse.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Callan

We consider the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of finite, low rank perturbations of random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme eigenvalues and appropriate projections of the corresponding eigenvectors of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-19 Florent Benaych-Georges , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

We prove a central limit theorem for the components of the eigenvectors corresponding to the $d$ largest eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix of a finite dimensional random dot product graph. As a corollary, we show that for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-29 Minh Tang , Carey E. Priebe

In this paper we study the joint distributional convergence of the largest eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix of a $p$-dimensional time series with iid entries when $p$ converges to infinity together with the sample size $n$. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-26 Johannes Heiny , Thomas Mikosch

Let \{$X_{ij}$\}, $i,j=...,$ be a double array of i.i.d. complex random variables with $EX_{11}=0,E|X_{11}|^2=1$ and $E|X_{11}|^4<\infty$, and let $A_n=\frac{1}{N}T_n^{{1}/{2}}X_nX_n^*T_n^{{1}/{2}}$, where $T_n^{{1}/{2}}$ is the square root…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-08-22 Z. D. Bai , B. Q. Miao , G. M. Pan

We consider the standard overlap $\mathcal{O}_{ij}: =\langle \mathbf{r}_j, \mathbf{r}_i\rangle\langle \mathbf{l}_j, \mathbf{l}_i\rangle$ of any bi-orthogonal family of left and right eigenvectors of a large random matrix $X$ with centred…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Giorgio Cipolloni , László Erdős , Yuanyuan Xu

In this paper, we study the complex Wigner matrices $M_n=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}W_n$ whose eigenvalues are typically in the interval $[-2,2]$. Let $\lambda_1\leq \lambda_2...\leq\lambda_n$ be the ordered eigenvalues of $M_n$. Under the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Zhigang Bao , Guangming Pan , Wang Zhou

Rayleigh-Schr\"{o}dinger perturbation theory is a well-known theory in quantum mechanics and it offers useful characterization of eigenvectors of a perturbed matrix. Suppose $A$ and perturbation $E$ are both Hermitian matrices, $A^t = A +…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-02 Yiqiao Zhong

Consider $n$ linearly independent vectors in $\mathbb{C}^n$ which form columns of a matrix $A$. The recursive evaluation of eigen directions (normalized eigenvectors) of $A$ is the solution of an eigenvalue problem of the form…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-11-28 M Hariprasad

We provide asymptotic theory for certain functions of the sample autocovariance matrices of a high-dimensional time series with infinite fourth moment. The time series exhibits linear dependence across the coordinates and through time.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Johannes Heiny , Thomas Mikosch

The article considers an inhomogeneous Erd\H{o}s-R\"enyi random graph on $\{1,\ldots, N\}$, where an edge is placed between vertices $i$ and $j$ with probability $\varepsilon_N f(i/N,j/N)$, for $i\le j$, the choice being made independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-28 Arijit Chakrabarty , Sukrit Chakraborty , Rajat Subhra Hazra

We consider the adjacency matrix $A$ of a large random graph and study fluctuations of the function $f_n(z,u)=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=1}^n\exp\{-uG_{kk}(z)\}$ with $G(z)=(z-iA)^{-1}$. We prove that the moments of fluctuations normalized by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 M. Shcherbina , B. Tirozzi

This paper gives a rigorous proof of a conjectured statistical self-similarity property of the eigenvalues random matrices from the Circular Unitary Ensemble. We consider on the one hand the eigenvalues of an $n \times n$ CUE matrix, and on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-01-16 Elizabeth S. Meckes , Mark W. Meckes

The current work applies some recent combinatorial tools due to Jain to control the eigenvalue gaps of a matrix $M_n = M + N_n$ where $M$ is deterministic, symmetric with large operator norm and $N_n$ is a random symmetric matrix with…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Kyle Luh , Ryan Vogel , Alan Yu

We prove that the point process of the eigenvalues of real or complex non-Hermitian matrices $X$ with independent, identically distributed entries is hyperuniform: the variance of the number of eigenvalues in a subdomain $\Omega$ of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Giorgio Cipolloni , László Erdős , Oleksii Kolupaiev

It is known that a unitary matrix can be decomposed into a product of reflections, one for each dimension, and the Haar measure on the unitary group pushes forward to independent uniform measures on the reflections. We consider the sequence…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-10 Kenneth Maples , Joseph Najnudel , Ashkan Nikeghbali

We consider a constant-size subset of left and right eigenvectors of an $N\times N$ i.i.d. complex non-Hermitian matrix associated with the eigenvalues with pairwise distances at least $N^{-\frac12+\epsilon}$. We show that arbitrary…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-29 Sofiia Dubova , Kevin Yang , Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin