Related papers: Counting Photons in Static Electric and Magnetic F…
The electromagnetic field inside a spherical cavity of large radius R is considered in the presence of stationary charge and current densities. R provides infra-red regularization while maintaining gauge invariance. The quantum ground state…
A relativistically invariant expression for the number of photons in free classical electromagnetic field through the currents, that created the field, is derived based on the formula for the total energy--momentum of the field. It is…
The classical electromagnetic field of a spinless point electron is described in a formalism with extended causality by discrete finite transverse point-vector fields with discrete and localized point interactions. These fields are taken as…
The notion that the electromagnetic field is quantised is usually inferred from observations such as the photoelectric effect and the black-body spectrum. However accounts of the quantisation of this field are usually mathematically…
We show that the standard method of introducing the quantum description of the electromagnetic field -- by canonical field quantization -- is not the only one. We have chosen here the relativistic quantum mechanics of the photon as the…
The classical electromagnetic field of a spinless point electron is described in a formalism with extended causality by discrete finite point-vector fields with discrete and localized point interactions. These fields are taken as a…
The purpose of this article is to show that the standard method of introducing the quantum description of the electromagnetic field -- by canonical field quantization -- is not the only one. We have chosen instead as the starting point the…
In the framework of the canonical quantization of the electromagnetic field, we impose as primary condition on the dynamics the positive definiteness of the energy spectrum. This implies that (Glauber) coherent states have to be considered…
Quantum Electrodynamics can be formulated as the theory of an antisymmetric tensor gauge field. In this formulation the topological current of this field appears as an additional source for the electromagnetic field. The topological charge…
In absence of currents and charges the quantized electromagnetic field can be described by wave functions which for each individual wave vector are normalized to one. The resulting formalism involves reducible representations of the…
The electromagnetic field is canonically quantized in the presence of a linear, dispersive and dissipative medium that is in uniform motion. Specifically we calculate the change in the normal modes of the coupled matter-field system and…
Photons are almost involved in each field of science and daily life of everyone. However, there are still some fundamental and puzzling questions such as what a photon is.The expressions of electromagnetic fields of a photon are here…
In an external constant magnetic field, so strong that the electron Larmour length is much shorter than its Compton length, we consider the modification of the Coulomb potential of a point charge owing to the vacuum polarization. We…
The quantization of the electromagnetic field in vacuum is presented without reference to lagrangean quantum field theory. The equal time commutators of the fields are calculated from basic principles. A physical discussion of the…
The covariant quantization of the electromagnetic field in the Lorentz gauge gives rise to longitudinal and scalar photons in addition to the usual transverse photons. It is shown here that the exchange of longitudinal and scalar photons…
We discuss the problem of canonical quantization of electromagnetic field in the Schwarzschild spacetime. It is shown that a consistent procedure of canonical quantization of the field can be carried out without taking into account the…
Multi-photon and coherent states of light are formulated in terms of a reducible representation of canonical commutation relations. Standard properties of such states are recovered as certain limiting cases. The new formalism leads to field…
By modeling a linear polarizable and magnetizable medium (magneto-dielectric) with two quantum fields, namely E and M, electromagnetic field is quantized in such a medium consistently and systematically. A Hamiltonian is proposed from…
This paper aims to present the pure field part of the newly developed nonlinear {\it Extended Electrodynamics} [1]-[3] in non-relativistic terms, i.e. in terms of the electric and magnetic vector fields (${\mathbf E},{\mathbf B}$), and to…
Nonlinear Maxwell equations are written up to the third-power deviations from a constant-field background, valid within any local nonlinear electrodynamics including QED with a Euler-Heisenberg (EH) effective Lagrangian. The linear electric…