Related papers: Lagerkvist versus Crick
The diverse, specialized genes in today's lifeforms evolved from a common core of ancient, elementary genes. However, these genes did not evolve individually: gene expression is controlled by a complex network of interactions, and…
Phylogenetic (i.e. leaf-labeled) trees play a fundamental role in evolutionary research. A typical problem is to reconstruct such trees from data like DNA alignments (whose columns are often referred to as characters), and a simple…
The previously formulated model for the evolution of the genetic code was shown to clarify why base triplets of some precursor amino acids differ by a single base from product amino acid codons, while others show less homology. First, the…
The development of a large non-coding fraction in eukaryotic DNA and the phenomenon of the code-bloat in the field of evolutionary computations show a striking similarity. This seems to suggest that (in the presence of mechanisms of code…
The measurement of the mixing angle \theta_{13}, sign of \Delta m^2_{13} and the CP or T violating phase \delta is fraught with ambiguities in neutrino oscillation. In this paper we give an analytic treatment of the paramater degeneracies…
The effect of torsion in theories of quantum gravity is known to be well described by an axion-like field which couples to matter as well as to gravitation and radiation gauge fields. In this note we consider a particular kind of torsion,…
It has been suggested that the minimization of the probability for lethal mutations is a major constraint shaping the genetic code, with the finding that the genetic code is highly protective against transition mutations. Here, we show that…
From SUSY ladder operators in momentum space of a neutron in the magnetic field of a linear current, we construct $2\times 2$ matrix operators that together with the z-component of the angular momentum satisfy the su(2) Lie algebra. We use…
We investigate a densely packed, non-random arrangement of forty-six chromosomes (46,XY) in human nuclei. Here, we model systems-level chromosomal crosstalk by unifying intrinsic parameters (chromosomal length and number of genes) across…
We discuss two different ways of chromosomes' and genomes' evolution. Purifying selection dominates in large panmictic populations, where Mendelian law of independent gene assortment is valid. If the populations are small, recombination…
Predictions for semi-leptonic decay rates of the tau lepton into two and three meson final states with one or two kaons are derived, including a discussion of K_S pi- K_S, K_L pi- K_L and K_S pi- K_L. The hadronic matrix elements are…
The standard genetic code is known to be much more efficient in minimizing adverse effects of misreading errors and one-point mutations in comparison with a random code having the same structure, i.e. the same number of codons coding for…
Recently, much attention has been given to understanding recombination events along a chromosome in a variety of field. For instance, many population genetics problems are limited by the inaccuracy of inferred evolutionary histories of…
We show that a symmetry property that we call the up-down symmetry implies that the Kazhdan--Lusztig $R^x$-polynomials of a pircon $P$ are a $P$-kernel, and we show that this property holds in the classical cases. Then, we enhance and…
The expansion of deleted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules has been linked to ageing, particularly in skeletal muscle fibres; its mechanism has remained unclear for three decades. Previous accounts assigned a replicative advantage to the…
A mathematical model of genome degradation is proposed that takes into account a variable rate of mutation and increasing number of cells in a developing human organism. The model explains known properties of cancer development, in…
We prove the following conjecture by S. Carpentier, A. De Sole, and V. G. Kac: Let K be a differential field and R be a differential subring of K. Let M be a matrix whose elements are differential operators with coefficents in R. Then, if M…
We study certain complexes of differential forms, including reverse de Rham complexes, on (real or complex) Poisson manifolds, especially holomorphic log-symplectic ones. We relate these to the degeneracy divisor and rank loci of the…
Cyclicity of a convolutional code (CC) is relying on a nontrivial automorphism of the algebra F[x]/(x^n-1), where F is a finite field. If this automorphism itself has certain specific cyclicity properties one is lead to the class of…
Phylogenetic trees are frequently used to model evolution. Such trees are typically reconstructed from data like DNA, RNA, or protein alignments using methods based on criteria like maximum parsimony (amongst others). Maximum parsimony has…