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Learning theories emphasize the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators in curricula, and games are a promising way to provide both while constructing the game and presenting or sharing it in public or with a community. New…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Bernadette Spieler , Wolfgang Slany

Block-based programming environments like Scratch have become widely adopted in Computer Science Education, but the mouse-based drag-and-drop interface can challenge users with disabilities. While prior work has provided solutions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Elias Goller , Gordon Fraser , Isabella Graßl

Traditionally, computer programming has been the prerogative of professional developers using textual programming languages such as C, Java, or Python. Low-code programming promises an alternative: letting citizen developers create programs…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Martin Hirzel

Transforming a graphical user interface screenshot created by a designer into computer code is a typical task conducted by a developer in order to build customized software, websites, and mobile applications. In this paper, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Tony Beltramelli

Defining abstract algorithmic structures like functions and variables using self-made tangibles can enhance the usability and affordability of the tangible programming experience by maintaining the input modality and physical interaction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Alpay Sabuncuoglu , T. Metin Sezgin

Creating programs with block-based programming languages like Scratch is easy and fun. Block-based programs can nevertheless contain bugs, in particular when learners have misconceptions about programming. Even when they do not, Scratch…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Gordon Fraser , Ute Heuer , Nina Körber , Florian Obermüller , Ewald Wasmeier

The emergence of large language models has enabled vibe coding, a natural language approach to programming in which users describe intent and AI generates or revises code, potentially broadening access to programming while preserving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Ashley J. Chen , Yijia Cao , Minghao Shao , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

This document describes the development of a video game prototype designed to encourage physical activity among children and older adults. The prototype consists of a laptop, a camera with 3D sensors, and optionally requires an LCD screen…

In the context of a classroom lesson, concepts must be visualized and organized in many ways depending on the needs of the teacher and students. Traditional presentation media such as the blackboard or electronic whiteboard allow for static…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Ken Perlin , Zhenyi He , Karl Rosenberg

While the body of research focusing on Intelligent Environments (IEs) programming by adults is steadily growing, informed insights about children as programmers of such environments are limited. Previous work already established that young…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Evropi Stefanidi , Maria Korozi , Asterios Leonidis , Dimitrios Arampatzis , Margherita Antona , George Papagiannakis

The next generation of jobs will be characterized by an increased demand for people with computational and problem solving skills. In Austria, computer science topics are underrepresented in school curricula hence teaching time for these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Bernadette Spieler , Christian Schindler , Wolfgang Slany , Olena Mashkina

A central bottleneck for phone-use agents is that controllable, reproducible environments covering real mobile behavior are hard to build at scale. Existing mobile-agent benchmarks have made important progress on evaluation, but they do not…

Autonomous GUI agents interact with environments by perceiving interfaces and executing actions. As a virtual sandbox, the GUI World model empowers agents with human-like foresight by enabling action-conditioned prediction. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yuhao Zheng , Li'an Zhong , Yi Wang , Rui Dai , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu , Linyuan Lv , Philip Torr , Kevin Qinghong Lin

Game creation challenges in schools potentially provide engaging, goal-oriented, and interactive experiences in classes; thereby supporting the transfer of knowledge for learning in a fun and pedagogic manner. A key element of the ongoing…

Block-based environments are visual programming environments, which are becoming more and more popular because of their ease of use. The ease of use comes thanks to their intuitive graphical representation and structural metaphors…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Mauricio Verano Merino , Jurgen Vinju , Mark van den Brand

In this study, an application that can run on Android and Windows-based mobile devices was developed to allow students attending such classes as Numerical/Digital Electronics, Logic Circuits, Basic Electronics Measurement and Electronic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Abdülkadir Çakir , Ümmüşan Çitak

Educational games are commonly used to motivate students and provide enhanced learning opportunities. Apps and mobile games play an increasingly important role in education and smartphones are part of the daily lives of most female…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Bernadette Spieler , Naomi Pfaff , Stefania Makrygiannaki , Wolfgang Slany

Zero-shot generalization across various robots, tasks and environments remains a significant challenge in robotic manipulation. Policy code generation methods use executable code to connect high-level task descriptions and low-level action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Senwei Xie , Hongyu Wang , Zhanqi Xiao , Ruiping Wang , Xilin Chen

Current robots are either expensive or make significant compromises on sensory richness, computational power, and communication capabilities. We propose to leverage smartphones to equip robots with extensive sensor suites, powerful…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Matthias Müller , Vladlen Koltun

We introduce Code Park, a novel tool for visualizing codebases in a 3D game-like environment. Code Park aims to improve a programmer's understanding of an existing codebase in a manner that is both engaging and intuitive, appealing to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Pooya Khaloo , Mehran Maghoumi , Eugene Taranta , David Bettner , Joseph Laviola