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A kinetic theory for relativistic gases in the presence of gravitational fields is developed in the second post-Newtonian approximation. The corresponding Boltzmann equation is determined from the evolution of the one-particle distribution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-04 Gilberto M. Kremer

We have derived energy conservation equations from the quaternionic Newton's law that is compatible with Lorentz transformation. This Newton's law yields directly the Euler equation and other equations governing the fluid motion. With this…

General Physics · Physics 2011-08-11 Arbab I. Arbab

We study the problem of gravitational collapse in the context of scalar-tensor theories of Gravity. We introduce a new hydrodynamical formulation in the Einstein frame, inspired by that of Misner and Sharp. We obtain the equilibrium…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-22 Jose A. R. Cembranos , Luis Diaz-Gimenez

The formulation of a dynamical theory of General Relativity, including matter, is viewed as a problem of coupling Einstein's theory of pure gravity, formulated as an action principle, to an independently chosen and well defined field theory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-28 Christian Frønsdal

We study the nonlinear gravitational dynamics of a universe filled with a pressureless fluid and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in the context of Newtonian gravity, and in the relativistic post-Friedmann approach proposed in paper I [I.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-26 Cornelius Rampf , Eleonora Villa , Daniele Bertacca , Marco Bruni

A number of astrophysical scenarios possess and preserve an overall cylindrical symmetry also when undergoing a catastrophic and nonlinear evolution. Exploiting such a symmetry, these processes can be studied through numerical-relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 Thorsten Kellermann , Luca Baiotti , Bruno Giacomazzo , Luciano Rezzolla

We present a novel approach, based entirely on the gravitational potential, for studying the evolution of non-linear cosmological matter perturbations. Starting from the perturbed Einstein equations, we integrate out the non-relativistic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Ram Brustein , Antonio Riotto

We present a numerical method to solve the equations of general relativistic hydrodynamics in a given external gravitational field. The method is based on a generalization of Roe's approximate Riemann solver for the non relativistic Euler…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frits Eulderink , Garrelt Mellema

We present some exact solutions of relativistic second-order hydrodynamic equations in theories with conformal symmetry. Starting from a spherically expanding solution in ideal hydrodynamics, we take into account general conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-03-26 Yoshitaka Hatta , Jorge Noronha , Bo-Wen Xiao

The standard numerical tools for studying non-linear collapse of matter are Newtonian $N$-body simulations. Previous work has shown that these simulations are in accordance with General Relativity (GR) up to first order in perturbation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-07 Christian Fidler , Thomas Tram , Cornelius Rampf , Robert Crittenden , Kazuya Koyama , David Wands

We explore the new physics phenomena of gravidynamics governed by the inhomogeneous spin gauge symmetry based on the gravitational quantum field theory. Such a gravidynamics enables us to derive the generalized Einstein equation and an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-27 Yuan-Kun Gao , Da Huang , Yong-Liang Ma , Yong Tang , Yue-Liang Wu , Yu-Feng Zhou

In this study, we investigate the linear transport of neutral system within the framework of relativistic kinetic theory. Under the relaxation time approximation, we obtain an iterative solution to the relativistic Boltzmann equation in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-22 Long Cui , Xin Hao , Liu Zhao

This is the third and final entry in a sequence of papers devoted to the formulation of a theory of self-gravitating anisotropic fluids in Newtonian gravity and general relativity. In this third paper we elevate the Newtonian theory of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-06 Tom Cadogan , Eric Poisson

In this work we revisit the study of the gravitational interaction in the context of the Special Theory of Relativity. It is found that, as long as the equivalence principle is respected, a relativistic non-linear energy conservation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-05 Ginés R. Pérez Teruel

Einstein's relation E=Mc^2 between the energy E and the mass M is the cornerstone of the relativity theory. This relation is often derived in a context of the relativistic theory for closed systems which do not accelerate. By contrast,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Anatoli Babin , Alexander Figotin

In this work I develop a new framework for anisotropic hydrodynamics that generalizes the leading order of the hydrodynamic expansion to the full (3+1)-dimensional anisotropic massive case. Following previous works, my considerations are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-07-29 Leonardo Tinti

We present a method to introduce relativistic corrections including linear dark energy perturbations in Horndeski theory into Newtonian simulations based on the N-body gauge approach. We assume that standard matter species (cold dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-20 Guilherme Brando , Kazuya Koyama , David Wands

This lecture provides some introduction to perfect fluid dynamics within the framework of general relativity. The presentation is based on the Carter-Lichnerowicz approach. It has the advantage over the more traditional approach of leading…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Eric Gourgoulhon

We present a method for general relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamics (GRSPH), based on an entropy-conservative form of the general relativistic hydrodynamic equations for a perfect fluid. We aim to replace approximate treatments of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-25 David Liptai , Daniel J. Price

Using a generalization of the Madelung transformation, we derive the hydrodynamic representation of the Klein-Gordon-Einstein equations in the weak field limit. We consider a complex self-interacting scalar field with a $\lambda|\varphi|^4$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-09 Abril Suárez , Pierre-Henri Chavanis
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