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An important task at the onset of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) operation is the inspection of gallbladder (GB) to evaluate the thickness of its wall, presence of inflammation and extent of fat. Difficulty in visualization of the GB…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 C. Loukas , A. Gazis , D. Schizas

In this paper, we propose an instance similarity learning (ISL) method for unsupervised feature representation. Conventional methods assign close instance pairs in the feature space with high similarity, which usually leads to wrong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Ziwei Wang , Yunsong Wang , Ziyi Wu , Jiwen Lu , Jie Zhou

We present a comprehensive study of the use of generative modeling approaches for Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) problems. In MIL a learner receives training instances grouped together into bags with labels for the bags only (which might…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Tameem Adel , Benn Smith , Ruth Urner , Daniel Stashuk , Daniel J. Lizotte

Positive instance detection, especially for these in positive bags (true positive instances, TPIs), plays a key role for multiple instance learning (MIL) arising from a specific classification problem only provided with bag (a set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Dongkuan Xu , Jia Wu , Wei Zhang , Yingjie Tian

Multi-instance learning (MIL) is a widely-applied technique in practical applications that involve complex data structures. MIL can be broadly categorized into two types: traditional methods and those based on deep learning. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yu-Xuan Zhang , Zhengchun Zhou , Xingxing He , Avik Ranjan Adhikary , Bapi Dutta

Learning from label proportions (LLP) is a promising weakly supervised learning problem. In LLP, a set of instances (bag) has label proportions, but no instance-level labels are given. LLP aims to train an instance-level classifier by using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Takanori Asanomi , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Daiki Suehiro , Ryoma Bise

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a popular weakly-supervised method for various applications, with a particular interest in histological whole slide image (WSI) classification. Due to the gigapixel resolution of WSI, applications of MIL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Wenhui Zhu , Peijie Qiu , Xiwen Chen , Zhangsihao Yang , Aristeidis Sotiras , Abolfazl Razi , Yalin Wang

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is a powerful tool for addressing a wide range of real-world problems, but it lacks a clear structure for comparing instances. A reliable similarity metric could establish meaningful relationships…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Gwen Maudet , Grégoire Danoy

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely used in weakly supervised whole slide image (WSI) classification. Typical MIL methods include a feature embedding part, which embeds the instances into features via a pre-trained feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Peijie Qiu , Pan Xiao , Wenhui Zhu , Yalin Wang , Aristeidis Sotiras

With the development of computational pathology, deep learning methods for Gleason grading through whole slide images (WSIs) have excellent prospects. Since the size of WSIs is extremely large, the image label usually contains only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Hao Bian , Zhuchen Shao , Yang Chen , Yifeng Wang , Haoqian Wang , Jian Zhang , Yongbing Zhang

We consider machine-learning-based thyroid-malignancy prediction from cytopathology whole-slide images (WSI). Multiple instance learning (MIL) approaches, typically used for the analysis of WSIs, divide the image (bag) into patches…

Multi-label learning deals with the classification problems where each instance can be assigned with multiple labels simultaneously. Conventional multi-label learning approaches mainly focus on exploiting label correlations. It is usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-08 Xiangnan Kong , Zhaoming Wu , Li-Jia Li , Ruofei Zhang , Philip S. Yu , Hang Wu , Wei Fan

The presence of label noise often misleads the training of deep neural networks. Departing from the recent literature which largely assumes the label noise rate is only determined by the true label class, the errors in human-annotated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zhaowei Zhu , Tongliang Liu , Yang Liu

In multi-label classification, each training instance is associated with multiple class labels simultaneously. Unfortunately, collecting the fully precise class labels for each training instance is time- and labor-consuming for real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Meng Wei , Zhongnian Li , Peng Ying , Yong Zhou , Xinzheng Xu

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has become the standard learning paradigm for distantly supervised relation extraction (DSRE). However, due to relation extraction being performed at bag level, MIL has significant hardware requirements for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Mehrdad Nasser , Mohamad Bagher Sajadi , Behrouz Minaei-Bidgoli

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a powerful tool to solve the weakly supervised classification in whole slide image (WSI) based pathology diagnosis. However, the current MIL methods are usually based on independent and identical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Zhuchen Shao , Hao Bian , Yang Chen , Yifeng Wang , Jian Zhang , Xiangyang Ji , Yongbing Zhang

Multiple instance learning (MIL) models have achieved remarkable success in analyzing whole slide images (WSIs) for disease classification problems. However, with regard to gigapixel WSI classification problems, current MIL models are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ziyu Su , Mostafa Rezapour , Usama Sajjad , Metin Nafi Gurcan , Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi

Weakly supervised object detection (WSOD) is a challenging task that requires simultaneously learn object classifiers and estimate object locations under the supervision of image category labels. A major line of WSOD methods roots in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Shiwei Zhang , Wei Ke , Lin Yang

In the application of Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) methods for Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification, attention mechanisms often focus on a subset of discriminative instances, which are closely linked to overfitting. To mitigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yunlong Zhang , Honglin Li , Yuxuan Sun , Sunyi Zheng , Chenglu Zhu , Lin Yang

While multiple instance learning (MIL) has shown to be a promising approach for histopathological whole slide image (WSI) analysis, its reliance on permutation invariance significantly limits its capacity to effectively uncover semantic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-14 Xiwen Chen , Peijie Qiu , Wenhui Zhu , Hao Wang , Huayu Li , Xuanzhao Dong , Xiaotong Sun , Xiaobing Yu , Yalin Wang , Abolfazl Razi , Aristeidis Sotiras