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This paper studies deterministic and stochastic fixed-time stability of autonomous nonlinear discrete-time (DT) systems. Lyapunov conditions are first presented under which the fixed-time stability of deterministic DT system is certified.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-21 Farzaneh Tatari , Hamidreza Modares

We develop nonlinear renewal theorems for a perturbed random walk without assuming stochastic boundedness of centered perturbation terms. A second order expansion of the expected stopping time is obtained via the uniform integrability of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Keiji Nagai , Cun-Hui Zhang

We propose a new, more general definition of extended probability measures. We study their properties and provide a behavioral interpretation. We put them to use in an inference procedure, whose environment is canonically represented by the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-13 Michele Caprio , Sayan Mukherjee

We investigate a possible definition of expectation and conditional expectation for random variables with values in a local field such as the $p$-adic numbers. We define the expectation by analogy with the observation that for real-valued…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Steven N. Evans , Tye Lidman

We extend the close interplay between continued fractions, orthogonal polynomials, and Gaussian quadrature rules to several variables in a special but natural setting which we characterize in terms of moment sequences. The crucial condition…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-03-29 Tomas Sauer , Yuan Xu

In this paper, we consider conditions that a higher order derivative preserve in conditional expectation operator for a generic nonlinear random variable. Also, the paper introduces higher order derivatives of the Expected Shortfall for a…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-14 Battulga Gankhuu

Let $X_1,X_2,\ldots$ be independent identically distributed nonnegative random variables. Wald's identity states that the random sum $S_T:=X_1+\cdots+X_T$ has expectation $E(T)) E(X_1)$ provided $T$ is a stopping time. We prove here that…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-05-13 Alexander E. Holroyd , Yuval Peres , Jeffrey E. Steif

We introduce the notion of Lyapunov exponents for random dynamical systems, conditioned to trajectories that stay within a bounded domain for asymptotically long times. This is motivated by the desire to characterize local dynamical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Maximilian Engel , Jeroen S. W. Lamb , Martin Rasmussen

In this manuscript, we investigate a fractional stochastic neutral differential equation with time delay, which includes both deterministic and stochastic components. Our primary objective is to rigorously prove the existence of a unique…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Javad A. Asadzade , Nazim I. Mahmudov

This letter derives some new exponential bounds for discrete time, real valued, conditionally symmetric martingales with bounded jumps. The new bounds are extended to conditionally symmetric sub/ supermartingales, and they are compared to…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-05-02 Igal Sason

In this paper, we propose a new framework for solving a general dynamic optimal stopping problem without time consistency. A sophisticated solution is proposed and is well-defined for any time setting with general flows of objectives. A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Hanqing Jin , Yanzhao Yang

We study the limit behaviour of upper and lower bounds on expected time averages in imprecise Markov chains; a generalised type of Markov chain where the local dynamics, traditionally characterised by transition probabilities, are now…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-10 Natan T'Joens , Jasper De Bock

E-variables are tools for retaining type-I error guarantee with optional stopping. We extend E-variables for sequential two-sample tests to general null hypotheses and anytime-valid confidence sequences. We provide implementations for…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Rosanne Turner , Peter Grünwald

If time is described by a fundamental process rather than a coordinate, it interacts with any physical system that evolves in time. The resulting dynamics is shown here to be consistent provided the fundamental period of the time system is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-07 Garrett Wendel , Luis Martinez , Martin Bojowald

Let $(X_t)_{t \geq 0}$ be a continuous time Markov process on some metric space $M,$ leaving invariant a closed subset $M_0 \subset M,$ called the {\em extinction set}. We give general conditions ensuring either "Stochastic persistence"…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-26 Michel Benaim

This article concerns the estimation of hitting time statistics for potentially non-stationary processes. The main focus is exceedance times of environmental processes. To this end we consider an empirical estimator based on ergodic theory…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Åsmund Hausken Sande

The expectation is an example of a descriptive statistic that is monotone with respect to stochastic dominance, and additive for sums of independent random variables. We provide a complete characterization of such statistics, and explore a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-08-06 Xiaosheng Mu , Luciano Pomatto , Philipp Strack , Omer Tamuz

Given two distinct subsets $A,B$ in the state space of some dynamical system, Transition Path Theory (TPT) was successfully used to describe the statistical behavior of transitions from $A$ to $B$ in the ergodic limit of the stationary…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Luzie Helfmann , Enric Ribera Borrell , Christof Schütte , Péter Koltai

We present new estimators for the statistical analysis of the dependence of the mean gap time length between consecutive recurrent events, on a set of explanatory random variables and in the presence of right censoring. The dependence is…

Applications · Statistics 2021-09-10 Ioana Schiopu-Kratina , Hai Yan Liu , Mayer Alvo , Pierre-Jerome Bergeron

We give conditions to prove the existence of an Extremal Index for general stationary stochastic processes by detecting the presence of one or more underlying periodic phenomena. This theory, besides giving general useful tools to identify…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-01-20 Ana Cristina Moreira Freitas , Jorge Milhazes Freitas , Mike Todd