Related papers: Pascal, Fermat et la g\'eom\'etrie du hasard
The link between a particular class of growth processes and random matrices was established in the now famous 1999 article of Baik, Deift, and Johansson on the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation. During the…
The traditional calculus-based introduction to statistical inference consists of a semester of probability followed by a semester of frequentist inference. Cobb (2015) challenges the statistical education community to rethink the…
This paper investigates the historical origin and ancestors of typicality, which is now a central concept in Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics and Bohmian Mechanics. Although Ludwig Boltzmann did not use the word typicality, its main idea,…
As suggested by Currie, we apply the probabilistic method to problems regarding pattern avoidance. Using techniques from analytic combinatorics, we calculate asymptotic pattern occurrence statistics and use them in conjunction with the…
The notion of an individual random sequence goes back to von Mises. We describe the evolution of this notion, especially the use of martingales (suggested by Ville), and the development of algorithmic information theory in 1960s and 1970s…
A brief description and results of A.M. Mathai's research programme on statistics and probability, initiated in the 1970s, and its relation to physics is given.
The notion of objective probability or chance, as a physical trait of the world, has proved elusive; the identification of chances with actual frequencies does not succeed. An adequate theory of chance should explain not only the connection…
Causality is a subject of philosophical debate and a central scientific issue with a long history. In the statistical domain, the study of cause and effect based on the notion of `fairness' in comparisons dates back several hundred years,…
Quantum technology is seeing a remarkable explosion in interest due to a wave of successful commercial technology. As a wider array of engineers and scientists are needed, it is time we rethink quantum educational paradigms. Current…
A history and drama of the development of quantum probability theory is outlined starting from the discovery of the Plank's constant exactly a 100 years ago. It is shown that before the rise of quantum mechanics 75 years ago, the quantum…
This is a translation of Harald Cram\'er's article, 'On a new limit theorem in probability theory', published in French in 1938 and deriving what is considered by mathematicians to be the first large deviation result. My hope is that this…
The concept of Probability of Causation (PC) is critically important in legal contexts and can help in many other domains. While it has been around since 1986, current operationalizations can obtain only the minimum and maximum values of…
This is an attempt to clarify certain concepts related to a debate on the interpretation of quantum mechanics, a debate between Andrei Khrennikov on the one side and Blake Stacey and R\"udiger Schack on the other side. Central to this…
In the introduction to this volume, we discuss some of the highlights of the research career of Chuck Newman. This introduction is divided into two main sections, the first covering Chuck's work in statistical mechanics and the second his…
Modern statistical software and machine learning libraries are enabling semi-automated statistical inference. Within this context, it appears easier and easier to try and fit many models to the data at hand, reversing thereby the Fisherian…
The problem of assigning probabilities when little is known is analized in the case where the quanities of interest are physical observables, i.e. can be measured and their values expressed by numbers. It is pointed out that the assignment…
Despite of an active work of many researchers in the theory of quantum computations, this area still saves some mysterious charm. It is already an almost common idea, that maybe many fashionable current projects will fade in future, but…
Any empirical data can be approximated to one of Pearson distributions using the first four moments of the data (Elderton and Johnson, 1969; Pearson, 1895; Solomon and Stephens, 1978). Thus, Pearson distributions made statistical analysis…
The education system for students in physics suffers (worldwide) from the absence of a deep course in probability and randomness. This is the real problem for students interested in quantum information theory, quantum optics, and quantum…
Beginning in the 1970s, statistician-cum-logician Per Martin-L\"of wrote a series of papers developing what became Martin-L\"of type theory, realizing a system where the distinction between mathematics and programming disappears. Inspired…