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We present a new characterization of $k$-trees based on their reduced clique graphs and $(k+1)$-line graphs, which are block graphs. We explore structural properties of these two classes, showing that the number of clique-trees of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Lilian Markenzon , Allana S. S. Oliveira , Cybele T. M. Vinagre

We present some exact expressions for the number of paths of a given length in a perfect $m$-ary tree. We first count the paths in perfect rooted $m$-ary trees and then use the results to determine the number of paths in perfect unrooted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Peter J. Humphries

Let $T(n,m)$ be the set of all plane labelled bipartite trees with $n$ white vertices and $m$ black. If the number $n+m$ of vertices is even, then the set $T(n,m)$ is a union of two disjoint subsets --- subset od "even" trees and subset of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-04 Yury Kochetkov

We consider a family of infinite sums of products of Catalan numbers, indexed by trees. We show that these sums are polynomials in $1/\pi$ with rational coefficients; the proof is effective and provides an algorithm to explicitly compute…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Alin Bostan , Valentin Féray , Paul Thévenin

We propose a new arithmetic for non-empty rooted unordered trees simply called trees. After discussing tree representation and enumeration, we define the operations of tree addition, multiplication and stretch, prove their properties, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-02-02 Fabrizio Luccio

We characterize those countable rooted trees whose full automorphism group has uncountable strong cofinality or contains an open subgroup with ample generics.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-10-21 Maciej Malicki

Starting with an algorithm to turn lists into full trees which uses non-obvious invariants and partial functions, we progressively encode the invariants in the types of the data, removing most of the burden of a correctness proof. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-16 Guyslain Naves , Arnaud Spiwack

Let T be a (not necessarily positive) weighted tree with n leaves numbered by the set {1,...,n}. Define the k-weights of the tree D_{i_1,....,i_k}(T) as the sum of the lengths of the edges of the minimal subtree connecting i_1,....,i_k. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-06-29 Elena Rubei

We study the asymptotic number of certain monotonically labeled increasing trees arising from a generalized evolution process. The main difference between the presented model and the classical model of binary increasing trees is that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Olivier Bodini , Antoine Genitrini , Bernhard Gittenberger , Stephan Wagner

We explore a general method based on trees of elementary submodels in order to present highly simplified proofs to numerous results in infinite combinatorics. While countable elementary submodels have been employed in such settings already,…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-02-06 Dániel T. Soukup , Lajos Soukup

We construct tree-decompositions of graphs that distinguish all their k-blocks and tangles of order k, for any fixed integer k. We describe a family of algorithms to construct such decompositions, seeking to maximize their diversity subject…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-25 Johannes Carmesin , Reinhard Diestel , Matthias Hamann , Fabian Hundertmark

We focus on spectral clustering of unlabeled graphs and review some results on clustering methods which achieve weak or strong consistent identification in data generated by such models. We also present a new algorithm which appears to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Sharmodeep Bhattacharyya , Peter J. Bickel

Generating trees are a useful technique in the enumeration of various combinatorial objects, particularly restricted permutations. Quite often the generating tree for the set of permutations avoiding a set of patterns requires infinitely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vince Vatter

A $k$-ranking of a graph $G$ is a labeling of its vertices from $\{1,\ldots,k\}$ such that any nontrivial path whose endpoints have the same label contains a larger label. The least $k$ for which $G$ has a $k$-ranking is the ranking number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-14 Daniel C. McDonald

A first step in investigating colour symmetries of periodic and nonperiodic patterns is determining the number of colours which allow perfect colourings of the pattern under consideration. A perfect colouring is one where each symmetry of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-07-30 Dirk Frettlöh

We discuss which part of the rationalized algebraic K-theory of a group ring is detected via trace maps to Hochschild homology, cyclic homology, periodic cyclic or negative cyclic homology.

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Lueck , Holger Reich

A tree is called k-ended tree if it has at most k leaves, where a leaf is a vertex of degree one. In this paper we prove that every 3-regular connected graph with n vertices such that n is greater than 8 has spanning sub tree with at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Hamed Ghasemian Zoeram , Daniel Yaqubi

We present several results on counting untyped lambda terms, i.e., on telling how many terms belong to such or such class, according to the size of the terms and/or to the number of free variables.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-02-17 Pierre Lescanne

The equitable tree-coloring can formulate a structure decomposition problem on the communication network with some security considerations. Namely, an equitable tree-$k$-coloring of a graph is a vertex coloring using $k$ distinct colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Xin Zhang , Bei Niu , Yan Li , Bi Li

We study the distribution of the number of leaves of the subtree chosen uniformly at random among all the subtrees of the critical branching process tree at extinction.

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-08 Boris Pittel