Related papers: Outer trapped surfaces are dense near MOTSs
We present several rigidity results for initial data sets motivated by the positive mass theorem. An important step in our proofs here is to establish conditions that ensure that a marginally outer trapped surface is "weakly outermost". A…
We investigate the geometric properties of marginally trapped surfaces (surfaces which have null mean curvature vector) in the spaces of oriented geodesics of Euclidean 3-space and hyperbolic 3-space, endowed with their canonical neutral…
The emergence of trapped surfaces in solutions to the Einstein field equations is intimately tied to the well-posedness properties of the corresponding Cauchy problem in the low regularity regime. In this paper, we study the question of…
The present work extends our short communication Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 111102 (2005). For smooth marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS) in a smooth spacetime we define stability with respect to variations along arbitrary vectors v normal…
In previous work we have shown the existence of a dynamical horizon or marginally trapped tube (MOTT) containing a given strictly stable marginally outer trapped surface (MOTS). In this paper we show some results on the global behavior of…
An earlier construction by the authors of sequences of globally regular, asymptotically flat initial data for the Einstein vacuum equations containing trapped surfaces for large values of the parameter is extended, from the time symmetric…
In this article we show that one can construct initial data for the Einstein equations which satisfy the vacuum constraints. This initial data is defined on a manifold with topology $R^3$ with a regular center and is asymptotically flat.…
Asymptotically flat, time-symmetric, axially symmetric and conformally flat initial data for vacuum general relativity are studied numerically on $R^3$ with the interior of a standard torus cut out. By the choice of boundary condition the…
In a matter-filled spacetime, perhaps with positive cosmological constant, a stable marginally outer trapped 2-sphere must satisfy a certain area inequality. Namely, as discussed in the paper, its area must be bounded above by $4\pi/c$,…
We investigate suitable, physically motivated conditions on spacetimes containing certain submanifolds - the so-called {weakly trapped submanifolds} - that ensure, in a set of neighboring metrics with respect to a convenient topology, that…
This paper investigates the global properties of a class of spherically symmetric spacetimes. The class contains the maximal development of asymptotically flat spherically symmetric initial data for a wide variety of coupled Einstein-matter…
Marginally outer trapped surfaces (also referred to as apparent horizons) that are stable in 3-dimensional initial data sets obeying the dominant energy condition strictly are known to satisfy an area bound. The main purpose of this note is…
We study properties of stable, strictly stable and locally outermost marginally outer trapped surfaces in spacelike hypersurfaces of spacetimes possessing certain symmetries such as isometries, homotheties and conformal Killings. We first…
Let $(\tilde{\Sigma},h_{ab},K_{ab})$ be an initial data set and let $x^a$ be a symmetry vector of $\tilde{\Sigma}$. Consider a MOTS $\mathcal{S}$ in $\tilde{\Sigma}$ and let the symmetry vector be decomposable along the unit normal to…
It is proven that in Vaidya spacetimes of bounded total mass, the outer boundary, in spacetime, of the region containing outer trapped surfaces, is the event horizon. Further, it is shown that the region containing trapped surfaces in these…
Given a spacelike foliation of a spacetime and a marginally outer trapped surface S on some initial leaf, we prove that under a suitable stability condition S is contained in a ``horizon'', i.e. a smooth 3-surface foliated by marginally…
The gravitational collapse of an infinite cylindrical thin shell of generic matter in an otherwise empty spacetime is considered. We show that geometries admitting two hypersurface orthogonal Killing vectors cannot contain trapped surfaces…
We prove that strictly stationary spacetimes cannot contain closed trapped nor marginally trapped surfaces. The result is purely geometric and holds in arbitrary dimension. Other results concerning the interplay between (generalized)…
Global properties of maximal future Cauchy developments of stationary, m-dimensional asymptotically flat initial data with an outer trapped boundary are analyzed. We prove that, whenever the matter model is well posed and satisfies the null…
In this paper, we work on the marginally trapped surfaces in the 4-dimensional Minkowski, de Sitter and anti-de Sitter space-times. We obtain the complete classification of the marginally trapped surfaces in the Minkowski space-time with…