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Let $\mathbf{x}$ be a random vector with $n$ i.i.d.\ real-valued components in the domain attraction of an $\alpha$-stable law with $\alpha\in(0,2)$, and let $\mathbf{y}=\mathbf{x}/\|\mathbf{x}\|_2$ be the associated self-normalized vector…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Zhaorui Dong , Johannes Heiny , Jianfeng Yao

In this paper, we investigate the limiting empirical spectral distribution (LSD) of sums of independent rank-one $k$-fold tensor products of $n$-dimensional vectors as $k,n \to \infty$. Assuming that the base vectors are complex random…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Wangjun Yuan

We study linear spectral statistics of $N \times N$ Wigner random matrices $\mathcal{H}$ on mesoscopic scales. Under mild assumptions on the matrix entries of $\mathcal{H}$, we prove that after centering and normalizing, the trace of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-13 A. Lodhia , N. J. Simm

We establish a quantitative version of the Tracy--Widom law for the largest eigenvalue of high dimensional sample covariance matrices. To be precise, we show that the fluctuations of the largest eigenvalue of a sample covariance matrix…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-21 Kevin Schnelli , Yuanyuan Xu

Estimating the eigenvalues of a population covariance matrix from a sample covariance matrix is a problem of fundamental importance in multivariate statistics; the eigenvalues of covariance matrices play a key role in many widely…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Noureddine El Karoui

The aim of this paper is to provide a novel proof for the Local Semicircle Law for the Wigner ensemble. The core of the proof is the intensive use of the algebraic structure that arises, i.e. resolvent expansions and resolvent identities.…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-23 Vlad Margarint

We define a class of "algebraic" random matrices. These are random matrices for which the Stieltjes transform of the limiting eigenvalue distribution function is algebraic, i.e., it satisfies a (bivariate) polynomial equation. The Wigner…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-10-31 N. Raj Rao , Alan Edelman

We prove convergence of eigenvector processes of the form $(\sqrt{N}\langle \mathbf{u}_k,A_t\mathbf{u}_k\rangle)_{t\in[0,1]}$ where $\mathbf{u}_k$ is a bulk eigenvector of generalized Wigner matrices and $(A_t)$ a family of symmetric…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Lucas Benigni , Mohammadreza Rezaei Feyzabady

These expository notes are centered around the circular law theorem, which states that the empirical spectral distribution of a nxn random matrix with i.i.d. entries of variance 1/n tends to the uniform law on the unit disc of the complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-14 Charles Bordenave , Djalil Chafai

We prove local laws, i.e. optimal concentration estimates for arbitrary products of resolvents of a Wigner random matrix with deterministic matrices in between. We find that the size of such products heavily depends on whether some of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Giorgio Cipolloni , László Erdős , Dominik Schröder

In this paper we consider $N \times N$ real generalized Wigner matrices whose entries are only assumed to have finite $(2 + \varepsilon)$-th moment for some fixed, but arbitrarily small, $\varepsilon > 0$. We show that the Stieltjes…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-25 Amol Aggarwal

In this paper we study the local law for eigenvalues of large random regular bipartite graphs with degree growing arbitrarily fast. We prove that the empirical spectral distribution of the adjacency matrix converges to a scaled down copy of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-18 Linh V. Tran

We study high-dimensional sample covariance matrices based on independent random vectors with missing coordinates. The presence of missing observations is common in modern applications such as climate studies or gene expression…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Kamil Jurczak , Angelika Rohde

In this paper, we study the empirical spectral distribution of Spearman's rank correlation matrices, under the assumption that the observations are independent and identically distributed random vectors and the features are correlated. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Zeyu Wu , Cheng Wang

In this paper, we show that the largest and smallest eigenvalues of a sample correlation matrix stemming from $n$ independent observations of a $p$-dimensional time series with iid components converge almost surely to $(1+\sqrt{\gamma})^2$…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Johannes Heiny , Thomas Mikosch

It is a classical result of Wigner that for an hermitian matrix with independent entries on and above the diagonal, the mean empirical eigenvalue distribution converges weakly to the semicircle law as matrix size tends to infinity. In this…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-07-17 Katrin Hofmann-Credner , Michael Stolz

We study sample covariance matrices arising from rectangular random matrices with i.i.d. columns. It was previously known that the resolvent of these matrices admits a deterministic equivalent when the spectral parameter stays bounded away…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-24 Clément Chouard

We introduce a family of coefficients based on U-statistics that generalize the notion of correlation and explore their properties in the large dimensional multivariate case, showing that in the null case of uncorrelated variables, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Florent Benaych-Georges , Tomas Espana

Recently Johansson and Johnstone proved that the distribution of the (properly rescaled) largest principal component of the complex (real) Wishart matrix $ X^* \* X (X^t \*X) $ converges to the Tracy-Widom law as $ n, p $ (the dimensions of…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Soshnikov

The eigenvector empirical spectral distribution (VESD) is a useful tool in studying the limiting behavior of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of covariance matrices. In this paper, we study the convergence rate of the VESD of sample covariance…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-19 Haokai Xi , Fan Yang , Jun Yin