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We prove limit theorems for the number of fixed points, descents, and inversions of iterated random-to-top shuffles in two asymptotic regimes. Our proofs are analytic, and they utilize new combinatorial decompositions that represent each…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Alexander Clay

Denote by $p(k)$ the limit, as $n \rightarrow \infty$, of the probability that a random permutation on a set of size $n$ has an invariant set of size $k$. We give an asymptotic formula for $p(k)$, showing that it is asymptotically…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Ben Green , Mehtaab Sawhney

Using a result of Gessel and Reutenauer, we find a simple formula for the number of cyclic permutations with a given descent set, by expressing it in terms of ordinary descent numbers (i.e., those counting all permutations with a given…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Sergi Elizalde , Justin M. Troyka

We study the distribution of entries of a random permutation matrix under a "randomized basis," i.e., we conjugate the random permutation matrix by an independent random orthogonal matrix drawn from Haar measure. It is shown that under…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-08 Benjamin Tsou

Drawing on a problem posed by Hertzsprung in 1887, we say that a given permutation $\pi\in\mathcal{S}_n$ contains the Hertzsprung pattern $\sigma\in\mathcal{S}_k$ if there is factor $\pi(d+1)\pi(d+2)\cdots\pi(d+k)$ of $\pi$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-08 Anders Claesson

We explore the probability that a permutation sampled from the symmetric group of order n uniformly at random has cycles of lengths not exceeding r. Asymptotic formulas valid in specified regions for the ratio n/r are obtained using the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-05 Eugenijus Manstavičius , Robertas Petuchovas

Let $P(n)$ be the probability that two independent, uniformly random permutations of $[n]$ have the same order, and let $K(n)$ be the probability that they are in the same conjugacy class. Answering a question of Thibault Godin, we prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Huseyin Acan , Charles Burnette , Sean Eberhard , Eric Schmutz , James Thomas

We derive a generating function for the number of integer compositions of $n$ into $k$ parts (i.e., $k$-compositions of $n$) with a given number of inversions, and obtain similar results for $k$-compositions of $n$ with a given number of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 E. G. Santos

We consider uniform random permutations in proper substitution-closed classes and study their limiting behavior in the sense of permutons. The limit depends on the generating series of the simple permutations in the class. Under a mild…

A regenerative random composition of integer $n$ is constructed by allocating $n$ standard exponential points over a countable number of intervals, comprising the complement of the closed range of a subordinator $S$. Assuming that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-15 Dariusz Buraczewski , Bohdan Dovgay , Alexander Marynych

In the symmetric group on a set of size 2n, let P_{2n} denote the conjugacy class of involutions with no fixed points (equivalently, we refer to these as ``pairings'', since each disjoint cycle has length 2). Harer and Zagier explicitly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-03-06 I. P. Goulden , William Slofstra

Let $n$, $s$ and $k$ be positive integers. For distinct $i,j\in\mathbb{Z}_n$, define $||i,j||_n$ to be the distance between $i$ and $j$ when the elements of $\mathbb{Z}_n$ are written in a circle. So \[ ||i,j||_n=\min\{(i-j)\bmod…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-07 Simon R. Blackburn , Tuvi Etzion

A permutation $\sigma$ describing the relative orders of the first $n$ iterates of a point $x$ under a self-map $f$ of the interval $I=[0,1]$ is called an \emph{order pattern}. For fixed $f$ and $n$, measuring the points $x\in I$ (according…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-30 Aaron Abrams , Eric Babson , Henry Landau , Zeph Landau , James Pommersheim

Let $p_n$ be the characteristic polynomial of an $n \times n$ random matrix drawn from one of the compact classical matrix groups. We show that the critical points of $p_n$ converge to the uniform distribution on the unit circle as $n$…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-17 Sean O'Rourke

In this paper, we study a biased version of the nearest-neighbor transposition Markov chain on the set of permutations where neighboring elements $i$ and $j$ are placed in order $(i,j)$ with probability $p_{i,j}$. Our goal is to identify…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Sarah Miracle , Amanda Pascoe Streib

This article studies the poset of simple permutations with respect to the pattern involvement. We specify results on critically indecomposable posets obtained by Schmerl and Trotter to simple permutations and prove that if $\sigma, \pi$ are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-01-17 Pierrot Adeline , Rossin Dominique

Motivated by the concept of partial words, we introduce an analogous concept of partial permutations. A partial permutation of length n with k holes is a sequence of symbols $\pi = \pi_1\pi_2 ... \pi_n$ in which each of the symbols from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Anders Claesson , Vit Jelinek , Eva Jelinkova , Sergey Kitaev

A permutation $\pi \in S_n$ is said to {\it avoid} a permutation $\sigma \in S_k$ whenever $\pi$ contains no subsequence with all of the same pairwise comparisons as $\sigma$. For any set $R$ of permutations, we write $S_n(R)$ to denote the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Eric S. Egge , Toufik Mansour

Given a set $P$ of $n$ points in $\mathbf{R}^d$, and a positive integer $k \leq n$, the $k$-dispersion problem is that of selecting $k$ of the given points so that the minimum inter-point distance among them is maximized (under Euclidean…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ke Chen , Adrian Dumitrescu

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices, labeled $v_1,\ldots,v_n$ and $\pi$ be a permutation on $[n]:=\{1,2,\cdots, n\}$. Suppose that each pebble $p_i$ is placed at vertex $v_{\pi(i)}$ and has destination $v_i$. During each step, a disjoint set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-01 Junhua He , Louis A. Valentin , Xiaoyan Yin , Gexin Yu
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