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Crystalline plasticity is strongly interlinked with dislocation mechanics and nowadays is relatively well understood. Concepts and physical models of plastic deformation in amorphous materials on the other hand - where the concept of linear…
Armed conflict data display scaling and universal dynamics in both social and physical properties like fatalities and geographic extent. We propose a randomly branching, armed-conflict model that relates multiple properties to one another…
The modeling of risk situations that occur in a space-time framework can be done using max-stable random fields on lattices. Although the summary coefficients for the spatial and temporal behaviour do not characterize the finite-dimensional…
Plastic deformation of crystals proceeds through a sequence of intermittent slip avalanches with scale-free (power-law) size distribution. On macroscopic scales, however, plastic flow is known to be smooth and homogeneous. In the present…
Using a simple lattice model for granular media, we present a scenario of self-organization that we term self-organized structuring where the steady state has several unusual features: (1) large scale space and/or time inhomogeneities and…
(Shortened abstract) Snow slab avalanches release after the failure and collapse of a weak layer buried below a cohesive snow slab. This results in the propagation of a subsidence, known as a collapse wave or anticrack. The slab may…
We consider a stochastic sandpile where the sand-grains of unstable sites are randomly distributed to the nearest neighbors. Increasing the value of the threshold condition the stochastic character of the distribution is lost and a…
Stress accumulation-relaxation meta-models of pulsar glitches make precise, microphysics-agnostic predictions of long-term glitch statistics, which can be falsified by existing and future timing data. Previous meta-models assume that…
An important challenge in several disciplines is to understand how sudden changes can propagate among coupled systems. Examples include the synchronization of business cycles, population collapse in patchy ecosystems, markets shifting to a…
We study the critical behavior of a driven interface in a medium with random pinning forces by analyzing spatial and temporal correlations in a lattice model recently proposed by Sneppen [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 69}, 3539 (1992)]. The static…
The sizes of snow slab failure that trigger snow avalanches are power-law distributed. Such a power-law probability distribution function has also been proposed to characterize different landslide types. In order to understand this scaling…
Crackling noise, which occurs in a wide range of situations, is characterized by discrete events of various sizes, often correlated in the form of avalanches. We report experimental evidence that the mechanical response of knitted fabric…
Bootstrap percolation transition may be first order or second order, or it may have a mixed character where a first order drop in the order parameter is preceded by critical fluctuations. Recent studies have indicated that the mixed…
Many stochastic physical systems evolve smoothly over time in the sense that the distribution of states changes regularly across time steps. The transition from current state to the next state can often be modeled as the combination of a…
We investigate by means of computer simulations the effect of structural disorder on the statistics of cracking for a thin layer of material under uniform and isotropic drying. The layer is discretized into a triangular lattice of springs.…
We consider a lattice model in which a tracer particle moves in the presence of randomly distributed immobile obstacles. The crowding effect due to the obstacles interplays with the quasi-confinement imposed by wrapping the lattice onto a…
In this paper, we consider a simplified model of turbulence for large Reynolds numbers driven by a constant power energy input on large scales. In the statistical stationary regime, the behaviour of the kinetic energy is characterised by…
Spatiotemporal complexity is induced in a two dimensional nonlinear disordered lattice through the modulational instability of an initially weakly perturbed excitation. In the course of evolution we observe the formation of transient as…
Close to the yielding transition, amorphous solids exhibit a jerky dynamics characterized by plastic avalanches. The statistics of these avalanches have been measured experimentally and numerically using a variety of different triggering…
We introduce a simple model for the size distribution of avalanches based on the idea that the front of an avalanche can be described by a directed random walk. The model captures some of the qualitative features of earthquakes, avalanches…