Related papers: Size bias for one and all
In this work we study the set size distribution estimation problem, where elements are randomly sampled from a collection of non-overlapping sets and we seek to recover the original set size distribution from the samples. This problem has…
Objective: We investigated the associations between risk of bias judgments from Cochrane reviews for sequence generation, allocation concealment and blinding and between-trial heterogeneity. Study Design and Setting: Bayesian hierarchical…
Simplicity bias is an intriguing phenomenon prevalent in various input-output maps, characterized by a preference for simpler, more regular, or symmetric outputs. Notably, these maps typically feature high-probability outputs with simple…
From social networks to P2P systems, network sampling arises in many settings. We present a detailed study on the nature of biases in network sampling strategies to shed light on how best to sample from networks. We investigate connections…
We introduce and analyze a general one-dimensional model for the description of transient patterns which occur in the evolution between two spatially homogeneous states. This phenomenon occurs, for example, during the Freedericksz…
There is strong expectation that cities, across time, culture and level of development, share much in common in terms of their form and function. Recently, attempts to formalize mathematically these expectations have led to the hypothesis…
The state of a stochastic process evolving over a time $t$ is typically assumed to lie on a normal distribution whose width scales like $t^{1/2}$. However, processes where the probability distribution is not normal and the scaling exponent…
Natural populations often show enhanced genetic drift consistent with a strong skew in their offspring number distribution. The skew arises because the variability of family sizes is either inherently strong or amplified by population…
In real-world applications, observations are often constrained to a small fraction of a system. Such spatial subsampling can be caused by the inaccessibility or the sheer size of the system, and cannot be overcome by longer sampling.…
Consider a uniformly chosen random reduced decomposition of the longest element in the symmetric group. It is known that the location of the first transposition in this decomposition converges to the semicircle distribution. In this note we…
We introduce a hierarchical Bayesian approach to tackle the challenging problem of size recommendation in e-commerce fashion. Our approach jointly models a size purchased by a customer, and its possible return event: 1. no return, 2.…
We investigate the relationship between the sizes of the sum and difference sets attached to a subset of {0,1,...,N}, chosen randomly according to a binomial model with parameter p(N), with N^{-1} = o(p(N)). We show that the random subset…
Many approximate Bayesian inference methods assume a particular parametric form for approximating the posterior distribution. A multivariate Gaussian distribution provides a convenient density for such approaches; examples include the…
We consider the effect on the propagation of light of inhomogeneities with sizes of order 10 Mpc or larger. The Universe is approximated through a variation of the Swiss-cheese model. The spherical inhomogeneities are void-like, with…
We report a rigorous theory to show the origin of the unexpected periodic behavior seen in the consecutive differences between prime numbers. We also check numerically our findings to ensure that they hold for finite sequences of primes,…
In the setting where we have $n$ independent observations of a random variable $X$, we derive explicit error bounds in total variation distance when approximating the number of observations equal to the maximum of the sample (in the case…
On large scales galaxies and their halos are usually assumed to trace the dark matter with a constant bias and dark matter is assumed to trace the linear density field. We test these assumption using several large N-body simulations with…
A finite set is "hidden" if its elements are not directly enumerable or if its size cannot be ascertained via a deterministic query. In public health, epidemiology, demography, ecology and intelligence analysis, researchers have developed a…
A distributional symmetry is invariance of a distribution under a group of transformations. Exchangeability and stationarity are examples. We explain that a result of ergodic theory provides a law of large numbers: If the group satisfies…
We study analytically giant fluctuations and temporal intermittency in a stochastic one-dimensional model with diffusion and aggregation of masses in the bulk, along with influx of single particles and outflux of aggregates at the…