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To plan safely in uncertain environments, agents must balance utility with safety constraints. Safe planning problems can be modeled as a chance-constrained partially observable Markov decision process (CC-POMDP) and solutions often use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Robert J. Moss , Arec Jamgochian , Johannes Fischer , Anthony Corso , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

This paper investigates backdoor attack planning in stochastic control systems modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). A backdoor attack involves an adversary deploying a policy that performs well in the original MDP to pass testing,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Xinyi Wei , Shuo Han , Ahmed H. Hemida , Charles A. Kamhoua , Jie Fu

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) can model complex sequential decision-making problems under stochastic and uncertain environments. A main reason hindering their broad adoption in real-world applications is the lack…

Penetration testing (or pentesting) is one of the widely used and important methodologies to assess the security of computer systems and networks. Traditional pentesting relies on the domain expert knowledge and requires considerable human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Ge Chu , Alexei Lisitsa

Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are stochastic optimization problems that model situations where a decision maker controls a system based on its state. Partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are generalizations of MDPs where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Victor Cohen , Axel Parmentier

We study synthesis problems with constraints in partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs), where the objective is to compute a strategy for an agent that is guaranteed to satisfy certain safety and performance specifications.…

We study automated intrusion detection in an IT infrastructure, specifically the problem of identifying the start of an attack, the type of attack, and the sequence of actions an attacker takes, based on continuous measurements from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xiaoxuan Wang , Rolf Stadler

We present a general framework for applying machine-learning algorithms to the verification of Markov decision processes (MDPs). The primary goal of these techniques is to improve performance by avoiding an exhaustive exploration of the…

Decentralized planning in uncertain environments is a complex task generally dealt with by using a decision-theoretic approach, mainly through the framework of Decentralized Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (DEC-POMDPs).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Raghav Aras , Alain Dutech

The olfactory search POMDP (partially observable Markov decision process) is a sequential decision-making problem designed to mimic the task faced by insects searching for a source of odor in turbulence, and its solutions have applications…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Aurore Loisy , Robin A. Heinonen

In many engineering systems, proper predictive maintenance and operational control are essential to increase efficiency and reliability while reducing maintenance costs. However, one of the major challenges is that many sensors are used for…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-09 Boyang Xu , Yunyi Kang , Xinyu Zhao , Hao Yan , Feng Ju

The rise of programmable data plane (PDP) and in-network computing (INC) paradigms paves the way for the development of network devices (switches, network interface cards, etc.) capable of performing advanced processing tasks. This allows…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mattia Giovanni Spina , Edoardo Scalzo , Floriano De Rango , Francesca Guerriero , Antonio Iera

Partially Observable Monte-Carlo Planning (POMCP) is a powerful online algorithm able to generate approximate policies for large Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes. The online nature of this method supports scalability by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Giulio Mazzi , Alberto Castellini , Alessandro Farinelli

Autonomous agents are limited in their ability to observe the world state. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) formally model the problem of planning under world state uncertainty, but POMDPs with continuous actions and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Dicong Qiu , Yibiao Zhao , Chris L. Baker

Information theory has been very successful in obtaining performance limits for various problems such as communication, compression and hypothesis testing. Likewise, stochastic control theory provides a characterization of optimal policies…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Dhruva Kartik , Ekraam Sabir , Urbashi Mitra , Prem Natarajan

The threats posed by evolving cyberattacks have led to increased research related to software systems that can self-protect. One topic in this domain is Moving Target Defense (MTD), which changes software characteristics in the protected…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Ryan Liu , Ladan Tahvildari

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) describes a process for inferring quantifiable metrics of structural condition, which can serve as input to support decisions on the operation and maintenance of infrastructure assets. Given the long…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Giacomo Arcieri , Cyprien Hoelzl , Oliver Schwery , Daniel Straub , Konstantinos G. Papakonstantinou , Eleni Chatzi

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide an elegant mathematical framework for modeling complex decision and planning problems in stochastic domains in which states of the system are observable only indirectly, via a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 M. Hauskrecht

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) have recently become popular among many AI researchers because they serve as a natural model for planning under uncertainty. Value iteration is a well-known algorithm for finding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 N. L. Zhang , W. Zhang

We consider sensor scheduling as the optimal observability problem for partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP). This model fits to the cases where a Markov process is observed by a single sensor which needs to be dynamically…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Mohammad Rezaeian