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Every shot in basketball has an opportunity cost; one player's shot eliminates all potential opportunities from their teammates for that play. For this reason, player-shot efficiency should ultimately be considered relative to the lineup.…

Applications · Statistics 2021-04-19 Nathan Sandholtz , Jacob Mortensen , Luke Bornn

Fantasy basketball has a rich underlying mathematical structure which makes optimal drafting strategy unclear. A central issue for category leagues is how to aggregate a player's statistics from all categories into a single number…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-10 Zach Rosenof

Retaining players over an extended period of time is a long-standing challenge in game industry. Significant effort has been paid to understanding what motivates players enjoy games. While individuals may have varying reasons to play or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Kunwoo Park , Meeyoung Cha , Haewoon Kwak , Kuan-Ta Chen

The problem of evaluating the performance of soccer players is attracting the interest of many companies and the scientific community, thanks to the availability of massive data capturing all the events generated during a match (e.g.,…

Team Recommendation has always been a challenging aspect in team sports. Such systems aim to recommend a player combination best suited against the opposition players, resulting in an optimal outcome. In this paper, we propose a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Prazwal Chhabra , Rizwan Ali , Vikram Pudi

While games have been used extensively as milestones to evaluate game-playing AI, there exists no standardised framework for reporting the obtained observations. As a result, it remains difficult to draw general conclusions about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Vanessa Volz , Boris Naujoks

In many settings, machine learning models may be used to inform decisions that impact individuals or entities who interact with the model. Such entities, or agents, may game model decisions by manipulating their inputs to the model to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Trenton Chang , Lindsay Warrenburg , Sae-Hwan Park , Ravi B. Parikh , Maggie Makar , Jenna Wiens

Evaluating the individual movements for teammates in soccer players is crucial for assessing teamwork, scouting, and fan engagement. It has been said that players in a 90-min game do not have the ball for about 87 minutes on average.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Masakiyo Teranishi , Kazushi Tsutsui , Kazuya Takeda , Keisuke Fujii

This paper describes a metric for measuring the success of a complex system composed of agents performing autonomous behaviours. Because of the difficulty in evaluating such systems, this metric will help to give an initial indication as to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2014-03-05 Kieran Greer

Under the assumptions that (i) gamification consists of various types of users that experience game design elements differently; and (ii) gamification is deployed in order to achieve some goal in the broadest sense, we pose the gamification…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-07-04 Michael Meder , Brijnesh-Johannes Jain

In soccer (or association football), players quickly go from heroes to zeroes, or vice-versa. Performance is not a static measure but a somewhat volatile one. Analyzing performance as a time series rather than a stationary point in time is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Tiago Mendes-Neves , Luís Meireles , João Mendes-Moreira

Game theory is the study of tractable games which may be used to model more complex systems. Board games, video games and sports, however, are intractable by design, so "ludological" theories about these games as complex phenomena should be…

Applications · Statistics 2018-11-05 Daniel E. Gilbert , Martin T. Wells

Professional team sports provide an excellent domain for studying the dynamics of social competitions. These games are constructed with simple, well-defined rules and payoffs that admit a high-dimensional set of possible actions and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-06-17 Leto Peel , Aaron Clauset

It is well known that a non-cooperative game may have multiple equilibria. In this paper we consider the efficiency of games, measured by the ratio between the aggregate payoff over all Nash equilibria and that over all admissible controls.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Jianfeng Zhang

Action spotting in soccer videos is the task of identifying the specific time when a certain key action of the game occurs. Lately, it has received a large amount of attention and powerful methods have been introduced. Action spotting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Alejandro Cartas , Coloma Ballester , Gloria Haro

Though athletics statistics are abundant, it is a difficult task to quantitatively compare performances from different events of track, field, and road running in a meaningful way. There are several commonly-used methods, but each has its…

Applications · Statistics 2014-08-27 Brian Godsey

On playing video games, different players usually have their own playstyles. Recently, there have been great improvements for the video game AIs on the playing strength. However, past researches for analyzing the behaviors of players still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Chiu-Chou Lin , Wei-Chen Chiu , I-Chen Wu

The expected goal provides a more representative measure of the team and player performance which also suit the low-scoring nature of football instead of score in modern football. The score of a match involves randomness and often may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Mustafa Cavus , Przemysław Biecek

A key trait of stochastic optimizers is that multiple runs of the same optimizer in attempting to solve the same problem can produce different results. As a result, their performance is evaluated over several repeats, or runs, on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Moslem Noori , Elisabetta Valiante , Thomas Van Vaerenbergh , Masoud Mohseni , Ignacio Rozada

Competitive online games use rating systems for matchmaking; progression-based algorithms that estimate the skill level of players with interpretable ratings in terms of the outcome of the games they played. However, the overall experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Arman Dehpanah , Muheeb Faizan Ghori , Jonathan Gemmell , Bamshad Mobasher
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