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Related papers: Zero forcing for sign patterns

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We provide a short proof of a conjecture of Davila and Kenter concerning a lower bound on the zero forcing number $Z(G)$ of a graph $G$. More specifically, we show that $Z(G)\geq (g-2)(\delta-2)+2$ for every graph $G$ of girth $g$ at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-24 M. Fürst , D. Rautenbach

We design logic circuits based on the notion of zero forcing on graphs; each gate of the circuits is a gadget in which zero forcing is performed. We show that such circuits can evaluate every monotone Boolean function. By using two vertices…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Daniel Burgarth , Vittorio Giovannetti , Leslie Hogben , Simone Severini , Michael Young

There are profound relations between the zero forcing number and minimum rank of a graph. We study the relation of both parameters with a third one, the algebraic co-rank; that is defined as the largest $i$ such that the $i$-th critical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-11 Carlos A. Alfaro , Jephian C. -H. Lin

Probabilistic zero forcing is a graph coloring process in which blue vertices "infect" (color blue) white vertices with a probability proportional to the number of neighboring blue vertices. We introduce reversion probabilistic zero forcing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Zachary Brennan

In this paper, we discuss the controllability of a family of linear time-invariant (LTI) networks defined on a signed graph. In this direction, we introduce the notion of positive and negative signed zero forcing sets for the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-25 Shima Sadat Mousavi , Mohammad Haeri , Mehran Mesbahi

Given a graph $G$ and a real number $0\le p\le 1$, we define the random set $B_p(G)\subset V(G)$ by including each vertex independently and with probability $p$. We investigate the probability that the random set $B_p(G)$ is a zero forcing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Bryan Curtis , Luyining Gan , Jamie Haddock , Rachel Lawrence , Sam Spiro

Zero forcing is a deterministic iterative graph coloring process in which vertices are colored either blue or white, and in every round, any blue vertices that have a single white neighbor force these white vertices to become blue. Here we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Sean English , Calum MacRury , Pawel Pralat

A new property, the strong singular value property, is introduced, developed, and utilized to study the problem of which lists of nonnegative real numbers occur as the singular values of a matrix with a prescribed zero-nonzero pattern.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Caleb Cheung , Bryan Shader

We study the dynamics of systems on networks from a linear algebraic perspective. The control theoretic concept of controllability describes the set of states that can be reached for these systems. Under appropriate conditions, there is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-10 Daniel Burgarth , Domenico D'Alessandro , Leslie Hogben , Simone Severini , Michael Young

The \emph{zero forcing number}, $Z(G)$, of a graph $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set $S$ of black vertices (whereas vertices in $V(G)-S$ are colored white) such that $V(G)$ is turned black after finitely many applications of "the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-11 Cong X. Kang , Eunjeong Yi

Lazy burning is a recently introduced variation of burning where only one set of vertices is chosen to burn in the first round. In hypergraphs, lazy burning spreads when all but one vertex in a hyperedge is burned. The lazy burning number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-06 Anthony Bonato , Caleb Jones , Trent G. Marbach , Teddy Mishura , Zhiyuan Zhang

We study zero forcing and $\ell$-leaky zero forcing on induced subgraphs of $d$-dimensional grid graphs. Using $\ell$-leaky forts, we prove structural results showing that for $\ell \le 2d-1$, every nonempty $\ell$-leaky fort in an induced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Ryan Moruzzi , Sagar Shah , Aaditeya Tripathi

Let ${\rm Z}(G)$ and ${\rm gp}(G)$ be the zero forcing number and the general position number of a graph $G$, respectively. Known results imply that ${\rm gp}(T)\ge {\rm Z}(T) + 1$ holds for every nontrivial tree $T$. It is proved that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Hongbo Hua , Xinying Hua , Sandi Klavžar

Let \Gamma be a signed graph and let A(\Gamma) be the adjacency matrix of \Gamma. The nullity of \Gamma is the multiplicity of eigenvalue zero in the spectrum of A(\Gamma). In this paper we characterize the signed graphs of order n with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Yi-Zheng Fan , Wen-Xue Du , Chun-Long Dong

The forcing number of a graph with a perfect matching $M$ is the minimum number of edges in $M$ whose endpoints need to be deleted, such that the remaining graph only has a single perfect matching. This number is of great interest in…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Maximilian Gorsky , Fabian Kreßin

This paper presents strong connections between four variants of the zero forcing number and four variants of the Grundy domination number. These connections bridge the domination problem and the minimum rank problem. We show that the Grundy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Jephian C. -H. Lin

We introduce $\ell$-leaky positive semidefinite forcing and the $\ell$-leaky positive semidefinite number of a graph, $Z_{(\ell)}^+{G}$, which combines the positive semidefinite color change rule with the addition of leaks to the graph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Olivia Elias , Ian Farish , Emrys King , Josh Kyei , Ryan Moruzzi

In this paper we begin the study of well-failed graphs, that is, graphs in which every maximal failed zero forcing set is a maximum failed zero forcing set, or equivalently, in which every minimal fort is a minimum fort. We characterize…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Bonnie Jacob

Let $G$ be a simple graph with $2n$ vertices and a perfect matching. The forcing number $f(G,M)$ of a perfect matching $M$ of $G$ is the smallest cardinality of a subset of $M$ that is contained in no other perfect matching of $G$. Among…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Qian qian Liu , He ping Zhang

A dominating set $D_{f}\subseteq V(G)$ of vertices in a graph $G$ is called a \emph{dom-forcing set} if the sub-graph induced by $\langle D_{f} \rangle$ must form a zero forcing set. The minimum cardinality of such a set is known as the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Susanth P , Charles Dominic , Premodkumar K P