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The vertex coloring problem asks for the minimum number of colors that can be assigned to the vertices of a given graph such that each two adjacent vertices get different colors. For this NP-hard problem, a variety of integer linear…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Adalat Jabrayilov , Petra Mutzel

We study on-line colorings of certain graphs given as intersection graphs of objects "between two lines", i.e., there is a pair of horizontal lines such that each object of the representation is a connected set contained in the strip…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-28 Stefan Felsner , Piotr Micek , Torsten Ueckerdt

In a colouring of a graph, a vertex is b-chromatic if it is adjacent to a vertex of every other colour. We consider four well-studied colouring problems: b-Chromatic Number, Tight b-Chromatic Number, Fall Chromatic Number and Fall…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Jungho Ahn , Tala Eagling-Vose , Felicia Lucke , David Manlove , Fabricio Mendoza , Daniël Paulusma

List colouring is an NP-complete decision problem even if the total number of colours is three. It is hard even on planar bipartite graphs. We give a polynomial-time algorithm for solving list colouring of permutation graphs with a bounded…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-06-25 Jessica Enright , Lorna Stewart , Gabor Tardos

Coloring is one of the most famous problems in graph theory. The coloring problem on undirected graphs has been well studied, whereas there are very few results for coloring problems on directed graphs. An oriented k-coloring of an oriented…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Frank Gurski , Dominique Komander , Carolin Rehs

In the \textsc{Coloring Reconfiguration} problem, we are given two proper $k$-colorings of a graph and asked to decide whether one can be transformed into the other by repeatedly applying a specified recoloring rule, while maintaining a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Janosch Fuchs , Rin Saito , Tatsuhiro Suga , Takahiro Suzuki , Yuma Tamura

In this paper, we consider the maximum $k$-edge-colorable subgraph problem. In this problem we are given a graph $G$ and a positive integer $k$, the goal is to take $k$ matchings of $G$ such that their union contains maximum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Vahan Mkrtchyan

For nonnegative integers $k, d_1, \ldots, d_k$, a graph is $(d_1, \ldots, d_k)$-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into $k$ parts so that the $i$th part induces a graph with maximum degree at most $d_i$ for all $i\in\{1, \ldots,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Ilkyoo Choi , Chun-Hung Liu , Sang-il Oum

We study graph coloring problems in the streaming model, where the goal is to process an $n$-vertex graph whose edges arrive in a stream, using a limited space that is smaller than the trivial $O(n^2)$ bound. While prior work has largely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Sepehr Assadi , Janani Sundaresan , Helia Yazdanyar

Coloring graphs is an important algorithmic problem in combinatorics with many applications in computer science. In this paper we study coloring tournaments. A chromatic number of a random tournament is of order $\Omega(\frac{n}{\log(n)})$.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-04-07 Krzysztof Choromanski , Tony Jebara

In a simple, undirected graph G, an edge 2-coloring is a coloring of the edges such that no vertex is incident to edges with more than 2 distinct colors. The problem maximum edge 2-coloring (ME2C) is to find an edge 2-coloring in a graph G…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Tobias Mömke , Alexandru Popa , Aida Roshany-Tabrizi , Michael Ruderer , Roland Vincze

The existence of an on-line competitive algorithm for coloring bipartite graphs remains a tantalizing open problem. So far there are only partial positive results for bipartite graphs with certain small forbidden graphs as induced…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-04 Piotr Micek , Veit Wiechert

In this paper we consider a variation of a recoloring problem, called the Color-Fixing. Let us have some non-proper $r$-coloring $\varphi$ of a graph $G$. We investigate the problem of finding a proper $r$-coloring of $G$, which is "the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Valentin Garnero , Konstanty Junosza-Szaniawski , Mathieu Liedloff , Pedro Montealegre , Paweł Rzążewski

An injective $k$-edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors, i.e. integers in $\{1, \ldots , k\}$, to the edges of $G$ such that any two edges each incident with one distinct endpoint of a third edge, receive distinct colors.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Florent Foucaud , Hervé Hocquard , Dimitri Lajou

The notion of graph covers (also referred to as locally bijective homomorphisms) plays an important role in topological graph theory and has found its computer science applications in models of local computation. For a fixed target graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Jan Bok , Jiří Fiala , Nikola Jedličková , Jan Kratochvíl , Micheala Seifrtová

Given a sequence $S=(s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_p)$, $p\geq 2$, of non-decreasing integers, an $S$-packing coloring of a graph $G$ is a partition of its vertex set into $p$ disjoint sets $V_1,\ldots, V_p$ such that any two distinct vertices of $V_i$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Maidoun Mortada , Olivier Togni

The complexity of {\sc Colouring} is fully understood for $H$-free graphs, but there are still major complexity gaps if two induced subgraphs $H_1$ and $H_2$ are forbidden. Let $H_1$ be the $s$-vertex cycle $C_s$ and $H_2$ be the $t$-vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-18 Serge Gaspers , Shenwei Huang , Daniël Paulusma

We show that, given an infinite cardinal $\mu$, a graph has colouring number at most $\mu$ if and only if it contains neither of two types of subgraph. We also show that every graph with infinite colouring number has a well-ordering of its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Nathan Bowler , Johannes Carmesin , Péter Komjáth , Christian Reiher

We prove that for every $d\in \mathbb{N}$ and a graph class of bounded expansion $\mathscr{C}$, there exists some $c\in \mathbb{N}$ so that every graph from $\mathscr{C}$ admits a proper coloring with at most $c$ colors satisfying the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Michał Pilipczuk

We introduce two novel evolutionary formulations of the problem of coloring the nodes of a graph. The first formulation is based on the relationship that exists between a graph's chromatic number and its acyclic orientations. It views such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 V. C. Barbosa , C. A. G. Assis , J. O. do Nascimento