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Contextuality is a central feature of quantum theory, traditionally understood as the impossibility of reproducing quantum measurement statistics using noncontextual ontological models. We study classical ontological descriptions in which a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Song-Ju Kim

A PhD student is locked inside a box, imitating a quantum system by mimicking the measurement statistics of any viable observable nominated by external observers. Inside a second box lies a genuine quantum system. Either box can be used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Jayne Thompson , Mile Gu , Pawel Kurzynski , Su-Yong Lee , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

We present a new and feasible test proving quantum contextuality in four-dimensional Hiltbert space. In our scheme, a contradiction between quantum mechanics and noncontextual hidden variables is revealed through the measurement statistics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-27 Yoshihiro Nambu

As a phenomenon encompassing measurement incompatibility and Bell nonlocality, quantum contextuality is not only central to our understanding of quantum mechanics, but also an essential resource in many quantum information processing tasks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Xiao-Dong Yu , Isadora Veeren , Otfried Gühne

We present a study of quantum contextuality of three-dimensional mixed states for the Klyachko-Can-Binicio\u{g}lu-Shumovsky (KCBS) and the Kurzy\'{n}ski-Kaszlikowski (KK) noncontextuality inequalities. For any class of states whose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-28 Zhen-Peng Xu , Hong-Yi Su , Jing-Ling Chen

Contextuality is a fundamental property of quantum mechanics. Contrary to entanglement, which can only exist in composite systems, contextuality is also present for single entities. The case of a three-level system is of particular interest…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-20 M. Fabbrichesi , R. Floreanini , E. Gabrielli , L. Marzola

Since violations of inequalities implied by non-contextual and local hidden variable theories are observed, it is essential to determine the set of (non-)contextual states. Along this direction, one should determine the conditions under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Fırat Diker , Zafer Gedik

Contextuality provides a unifying paradigm for nonclassical aspects of quantum probabilities and resources of quantum information. Unfortunately, most forms of quantum contextuality remain experimentally unexplored due to the difficulty of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 Adán Cabello

Contextuality, the impossibility of assigning a single random variable to represent the outcomes of the same measurement procedure under different experimental conditions, is a central aspect of quantum mechanics. Thus defined, it appears…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-17 J. Acacio de Barros , Gary Oas

In this work we analyse the notion of measurement non-contextuality (MNC) and identify contextual scenarios which involve sequential measurements of only a single measurement device. We show that any non-contextual ontological model fails…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-05 Jaskaran Singh , Rajendra Singh Bhati , Arvind

Quantum contextuality provides a fundamental signature of nonclassical behavior that cannot be explained by noncontextual hidden-variable models. We propose and experimentally implement a linear-optical setup for demonstrating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Jiaqi Liu , Bita Olamaei , Lijian Zhang , Ali Asadian , Saleh Rahimi-Keshari

We report a single-neutron optical experiment to demonstrate the violation of a Bell-like inequality. Entanglement is achieved not between particles, but between the degrees of freedom, in this case, for a single-particle. The spin-{\small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yuji Hasegawa , Rudolf Loidl , Gerald Badurek , Matthias Baron , Helmut Rauch

The Kochen-Specker theorem, Bell inequalities, and several other tests that were designed to rule out hidden-variable theories, assume the existence of observables having infinitely sharp eigenvalues. A paradigmatic example is spin-1/2. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-03 F. De Zela

The question of a hidden variable interpretation of quantum contextuality in the Mermin-Peres square is considered. The Kochen-Specker theorem implies that quantum mechanics may be interpreted as a contextual hidden variable theory. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-04 Brian R. La Cour

Quantum contextuality describes situations where the statistics observed in different measurement contexts cannot be explained by a measurement independent reality of the system. The most simple case is observed in a three-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Holger F. Hofmann

We study the contextuality of a three-level quantum system using classical conditional entropy of measurement outcomes. First, we analytically construct the minimal configuration of measurements required to reveal contextuality. Next, an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Pawel Kurzynski , Ravishankar Ramanathan , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

We show that, for any system with a number of levels which can be identified with n qubits, there is an inequality for the correlations between three compatible dichotomic measurements which must be satisfied by any noncontextual theory,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-15 Adan Cabello

Recent experiments have shown that nature violates noncontextual inequalities regardless of the state of the physical system. So far, all these inequalities involve measurements of dichotomic observables. We show that state-independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-20 Angel R. Plastino , Adan Cabello

Measurement scenarios containing events with relations of exclusivity represented by pentagons, heptagons, nonagons, etc., or their complements are the only ones in which quantum probabilities cannot be described classically. Interestingly,…

Quantum contextuality, a fundamental feature distinguishing quantum theory from classical models, is investigated via algebraic and topological structures inherent in modular tensor categories. This work rigorously demonstrates that braid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Tzu-Miao Chou