Related papers: A High-Resolution Study of the CO-H2 Conversion Fa…

We aim to explore the capabilities of dust emission and rays for probing the properties of the interstellar medium in the nearby anti-centre region, using gamma-ray observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), and the thermal…

We present 12CO(1->0) observations of 45 giant molecular clouds in M33 made with the BIMA array. The observations have a linear resolution of 20 pc, sufficient to measure the sizes of most GMCs in the sample. We place upper limits on the…

The total mass estimate of molecular clouds suffers from the uncertainty in the H$_2$-CO conversion factor, the so-called $X_{\rm CO}$ factor, which is used to convert the $^{12}$CO (1--0) integrated intensity to the H$_2$ column density.…

We present a series of numerical simulations that explore how the `X-factor', $X_{CO}$ -- the conversion factor between the observed integrated CO emission and the column density of molecular hydrogen -- varies with the environmental…

We show that the XCO factor, which converts the CO luminosity into the column density of molecular hydrogen has similar values for dense, fully molecular gas and for diffuse, partially molecular gas. We discuss the reasons of this…

We present the first results on the diffuse transition clouds observed in [CII] line emission at 158 microns (1.9 THz) towards Galactic longitudes near 340deg (5 LOSs) and 20deg (11 LOSs) as part of the GOT C+ survey. Out of the total 146…

This study presents a catalog of 8107 molecular clouds that covers the entire Galactic plane and includes 98% of the $^{12}$CO emission observed within $b\pm5^\circ$. The catalog was produced using a hierarchical cluster identification…

The CO-H2 conversion factor (Xco; otherwise known as the X-factor) is observed to be remarkably constant in the Milky Way and in the Local Group (aside from the SMC). To date, our understanding of why Xco should be so constant remains poor.…

The factor relating CO emission to molecular hydrogen column density, XCO, is still subject to uncertainty, in particular at low metallicity. Here, to quantify XCO at two different spatial resolutions, we exploit a dust-based method…

Carbon monoxide (CO) emission is a widely used tracer of molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) in the interstellar medium (ISM), owing to its abundance, low excitation energy, and ease of detection in cold molecular environments, in contrast to…

We report the detection of a peculiar molecular cloud, CO 0.02-0.02, lying about 5' Galactic-east from the center of the Galaxy. (12)CO images taken with NRO 45 m telescope showed that it is relatively compact (about 3x4 pc^2) as well as…

We attempt to visually classify the morphologies of 18190 molecular clouds, which are identified in the $^{12}$CO(1-0) spectral line data over $\sim$ 450 deg$^{2}$ of the second Galactic quadrant from the Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting…

We present theoretically-established values of the CO-to-H2 and C-to-H2 conversion factors that may be used to estimate the gas masses of external galaxies. We consider four distinct galaxy types, represented by M51, NGC 6946, M82 and SMC…

We use UV measurements of interstellar CO towards nearby stars to calculate the density in the diffuse molecular clouds containing the molecules responsible for the observed absorption. Chemical models and recent calculations of the…

We report a new search for 12CO(1-0) emission in high-velocity clouds (HVCs) performed with the IRAM 30 m telescope. This search was motivated by the recent detection of cold dust emission in the HVCs of Complex C. Despite a spatial…

We resolve 182 individual giant molecular clouds (GMCs) larger than 2.5 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ \Msun in the inner disks of five large nearby spiral galaxies (NGC 2403, NGC 3031, NGC 4736, NGC 4826, and NGC 6946) to create the largest such sample…

The most common means of converting an observed CO line intensity into a molecular gas mass requires the use of a conversion factor (Xco). While in the Milky Way this quantity does not appear to vary significantly, there is good reason to…

H2 column densities towards CO clouds in the LMC and SMC are estimated from their far-infrared surface brightness and HI column density. N(H2)/I(CO) conversion factors are X(LMC) = 1.3 and X(SMC) = 12 (unit: 10**21 mol cm**-2 (K km/s)**-1).…

The second survey of the molecular clouds in 12CO (J = 1-0) was carried out in the Large Magellanic Cloud by NANTEN. The sensitivity of this survey is twice as high as that of the previous NANTEN survey, leading to a detection of molecular…

We present a catalog of clouds identified from the $^{12}$CO (1--0) data of M83, which was observed using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) with a spatial resolution of $\sim$46 pc and a mass sensitivity of $\sim$10$^4$…