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The adaptive and innate branches of the vertebrate immune system work in close collaboration to protect organisms from harmful pathogens. As an organism ages its immune system undergoes immunosenescence, characterized by declined…
This is the first paper in the sequel studying the Wolbachia-infection in bisexual populations. This paper considers the behavior of the population as a discrete dynamical system. The recurrence relation is obtained as a function of the…
The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in digestion and resistance against entero-pathogens. As with other ecosystems, its species composition is resilient against small disturbances but strong perturbations such as antibiotics can…
Mathematical models of infectious disease transmission typically neglect within-host dynamics. Yet within-host dynamics - including pathogen replication, host immune responses, and interactions with microbiota - are crucial not only for…
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), presents significant public health challenges due to its complex etiology. Motivated by the IBD study of the Integrative Human Microbiome Project,…
Infection by distinct Dengue virus serotypes and host immunity are intricately linked. In particular, certain levels of cross-reactive antibodies in the host may actually enhance infection severity leading to Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).…
This research gives a thorough examination of an HIV infection model that includes quiescent cells and immune response dynamics in the host. The model, represented by a system of ordinary differential equations, captures the complex…
Zebrafish embryos are a valuable model for drug discovery due to their optical transparency and genetic similarity to humans. However, current evaluations rely on manual inspection, which is costly and labor-intensive. While machine…
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common cancer that varies in clinical behavior. Indolent RCC is often low-grade without necrosis and can be monitored without treatment. Aggressive RCC is often high-grade and can cause metastasis and death…
In this work, we propose a dynamical systems perspective on the modeling of sepsis and its organ-damaging consequences. We develop a functional two-layer network model for sepsis based upon the interaction of parenchymal cells and immune…
Humans, domestic animals, orchard crops, and ornamental plants are commonly treated with antibiotics in response to bacterial infection. By curing infectious individuals, antibiotic therapy might limit the spread of contagious disease among…
In the context of epidemic spreading, many intricate dynamical patterns can emerge due to the cooperation of different types of pathogens or the interaction between the disease spread and other failure propagation mechanism. To unravel such…
There is a constant need for many healthcare programs to timely address problems with infection prevention and control (IP&C). For example, pathogens can be transmitted among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in both the inpatient and…
Flagella and cilia are cellular appendages that inherit essential functions of microbial life including sensing and navigating the environment. In order to propel a swimming microorganism they displace the surrounding fluid by means of…
Objective: The reservoir of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) latently infected cells is the major obstacle for eradication of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the noisy environment and multiple influencing factors in the…
Bacteriophages are viruses infecting bacteria and archaea. Many phage species cause infections which lead to the certain death of the infected prokaryotic host cell and the release of a large batch of phage progeny, yet they have been able…
We study the dynamics of secondary infections on networks, in which only the individuals currently carrying a certain primary infection are susceptible to the secondary infection. In the limit of large sparse networks, the model is mapped…
We introduce and analyze a within-host dynamical model of the coevolution between rapidly mutating pathogens and the adaptive immune response. Pathogen mutation and a homeostatic constraint on lymphocytes both play a role in allowing the…
Recent work has shown that the hydrophobic protein surfaces in aqueous solution sit near a drying transition. The tendency for these surfaces to expel water from their vicinity leads to self assembly of macromolecular complexes. In this…
Recent clinical studies have shown that HIV disease pathogenesis can depend strongly on many factors at the time of transmission, including the strength of the initial viral load and the local availability of CD4+ T-cells. In this article,…