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Defining distances over finite fields formally by $||x-y||:=(x_1-y_1)^2+\cdots + (x_d-y_d)^2$ for $x,y\in \mathbb{F}_q^d$, distance problems naturally arise in analogy to those studied by Erd\H{o}s and Falconer in Euclidean space. Given a…

In this paper we prove that any distance-balanced graph $G$ with $\Delta(G)\geq |V(G)|-3$ is regular. Also we define notion of distance-balanced closure of a graph and we find distance-balanced closures of trees $T$ with $\Delta(T)\geq…

We consider here 6-regular plane graphs whose faces have size 1, 2 or 3. In Section 2 a practical enumeration method is given that allowed us to enumerate them up to 53 vertices. Subsequently, in Section 3 we enumerate all possible symmetry…

In this paper, we study the joint behaviour of the degree, depth and label of and graph distance between high-degree vertices in the random recursive tree. We generalise the results obtained by Eslava and extend these to include the labels…

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph. A set $S\subseteq V$ is independent set of $G$, if no two vertices of $S$ are adjacent. The independence number $\alpha(G)$ is the size of a maximum independent set in the graph. %An independent set with…

In this paper, we presented a new type of metric space called $(\alpha,\beta)$-metric space along with some novel contraction mappings named $(\alpha,\beta)$-contraction and weak $(\alpha,\beta)$-contraction mapping. We established some…

We study closed sets $F \subset {\mathbb R}^d$ whose distance function $d_F:= {\rm dist}\,(\cdot,F)$ is DC (i.e., is the difference of two convex functions on ${\mathbb R}^d$). Our main result asserts that if $F \subset {\mathbb R}^2$ is a…

An important question in statistical network analysis is how to estimate models of discrete and dependent network data with intractable likelihood functions, without sacrificing computational scalability and statistical guarantees. We…

Many real life networks present an average path length logarithmic with the number of nodes and a degree distribution which follows a power law. Often these networks have also a modular and self-similar structure and, in some cases -…

Strongly regular graphs are regular graphs with a constant number of common neighbours between adjacent vertices, and a constant number of common neighbours between non-adjacent vertices. These graphs have been of great interest over the…

The $\alpha$-spectral radius of a connected graph $G$ is the spectral radius of $A_\alpha$-matrix of $G$. In this paper, we discuss the methods for comparing $\alpha$-spectral radius of graphs. As applications, we characterize the graphs…

Cospectral graphs are a fascinating concept in graph theory, where two non-isomorphic graphs possess identical sets of eigenvalues. In this paper, we compute the $A_\alpha$-characteristic polynomial of neighbour and non-neighbour splitting…

An $m$-distance set is a collection of points such that the distances between any two points have $m$ possible values. We use two different methods to construct large $m$-distance sets on the triangular lattices. One is to use the first m…

We consider two notions describing how one finite graph may be larger than another. Using them, we prove several theorems for such pairs that compare the number of spanning trees, the return probabilities of random walks, and the number of…

Let $\Gamma$ denote a distance-regular graph with diameter $D\geq 3$ and Bose-Mesner algebra $M$. For $\theta\in C\cup \infty$ we define a 1 dimensional subspace of $M$ which we call $M(\theta)$. If $\theta\in C$ then $M(\theta)$ consists…

Two emerging topics in graph theory are the study of cospectral vertices of a graph, and the study of isospectral reductions of graphs. In this paper, we prove a fundamental relationship between these two areas, which is that two vertices…

Given a smooth curve $\gamma$ in some $m$-dimensional surface $M$ in $\mathbb{R}^{m+1}$, we study existence and uniqueness of a flat surface $H$ having the same field of normal vectors as $M$ along $\gamma$, which we call a flat…

Let $\Omega$ be a $m$-set, where $m>1$, is an integer. The Hamming graph $H(n,m)$, has $\Omega ^{n}$ as its vertex-set, with two vertices are adjacent if and only if they differ in exactly one coordinate. In this paper, we provide a proof…

Given a graph $G=(V,E)$, a $\beta$-ruling set is a subset $S\subseteq V$ that is i) independent, and ii) every node $v\in V$ has a node of $S$ within distance $\beta$. In this paper we present almost optimal distributed algorithms for…

Partial vertex cover and partial dominating set are two well-investigated optimization problems. While they are $\rm W[1]$-hard on general graphs, they have been shown to be fixed-parameter tractable on many sparse graph classes, including…