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In the solar wind plasma an excess of kinetic temperature along the background magnetic field stimulates proton firehose modes to grow if the parallel plasma beta parameter is sufficiently high, i.e., $\beta_{p \parallel}\gtrsim 1$. This…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 S. M. Shaaban , M. Lazar , R. F. Wimmer-Schweingruber , H. Fichtner

The propagation of dissipationless, hydromagnetic, non-WKB, purely toroidal Alfv\'en waves in a realistic background three-fluid solar wind with axial symmetry and differential proton-alpha flow is investigated. The wave equations are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Bo Li , Xing Li

The aim of the present study is to shed light on the effects connected with thermal misbalance due to non-equal cooling and heating rates induced by density and temperature perturbations in solar active regions hosting either propagating…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-21 S. A. Belov , S. Vasheghani Farahani , N. E. Molevich

Radio signals propagating via the solar corona and solar wind are significantly affected by compressive waves, impacting properties of solar bursts as well as sources viewed through the turbulent solar atmosphere. While static fluctuations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-23 Francesco Azzollini , A. Gordon Emslie , Daniel L. Clarkson , Nicolina Chrysaphi , Eduard P. Kontar

The k-filtering technique and wave polarization analysis are applied to Cluster magnetic field data to study plasma turbulence at the scale of the ion gyroradius in the fast solar wind. Waves are found propagating in directions nearly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Owen W. Roberts , Xing Li , Bo Li

The role of interchange reconnection as a drive mechanism for the solar wind is explored by solving the global magnetic-field-aligned equations describing wind acceleration. Boundary conditions in the low corona, including a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-16 J. F. Drake , S. D. Bale , M. Swisdak , N. E. Raouafi , M. Velli

Determining the mechanism responsible for the plasma heating and particle acceleration is a fundamental problem in the study of the heliosphere. Due to efficient wave-particle interactions of ion-scale waves with charged particles, these…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Wen Liu , Jinsong Zhao , Tieyan Wang , Xiangcheng Dong , Justin C. Kasper , Stuart D. Bale , Chen Shi , Dejin Wu

Although the origins of slow solar wind are unclear, there is increasing evidence that at least some of it is released in a steady state on over-expanded coronal hole magnetic field lines. This type of slow wind has similar properties to…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 D. Stansby , L. Matteini , T. S. Horbury , D. Perrone , R. D'Amicis , L. Berčič

In collision-poor plasmas from space, three distinct ion-ion instabilities can be driven by the proton beams streaming along the background magnetic field: left-hand resonant, non-resonant, and right-hand resonant instabilities. These…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 S. M. Shaaban , M. Lazar , R. A. López , S. Poedts

A Hamiltonian two-field gyrofluid model for kinetic Alfv\'en waves (KAWs) in a magnetized electron-proton plasma, retaining ion finite-Larmor-radius corrections and parallel magnetic field fluctuations, is used to study the inverse cascades…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-04-01 George Miloshevich , Dimitri Laveder , Thierry Passot , Pierre-Louis Sulem

Beam instabilities in the strongly magnetized electron-positron plasma of pulsar magnetospheres are considered. We analyze the resonance conditions and estimate the growth rates of the Cherenkov and cyclotron instabilities of the ordinary…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Maxim Lyutikov

We study the evolution of non-linear circularly polarised Alfven waves by solving numerically the time-dependent equations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in one dimension. We examine the behaviour of the waves and find that different…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Rim Turkmani , Ulf Torkelsson

Analysis of ion-kinetic instabilities in solar wind plasmas is crucial for understanding energetics and dynamics throughout the heliosphere, as evident from spacecraft observations of complex ion velocity distribution functions (VDFs) and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-27 Viacheslav M Sadykov , Leon Ofman , Scott A Boardsen , Yogesh , Parisa Mostafavi , Lan K Jian , Kristopher Klein , Mihailo Martinović

We demonstrate that in highly magnetized pair plasmas, nonlinear Alfven waves with wave-number $k \leq k_0 = \omega_p^2 /(\delta \omega_B)$ ($\delta =( \delta B)/B_0$ are relative fluctuations of the magnetic field) experience powerful…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-05 Maxim Lyutikov

We use fluctuating magnetic helicity to investigate the polarisation properties of Alfv\'enic fluctuations at ion-kinetic scales in the solar wind as a function of $\beta_p$, the ratio of proton thermal pressure to magnetic pressure, and…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 L. D. Woodham , R. T. Wicks , D. Verscharen , J. M. TenBarge , G. G. Howes

We make use of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) data to explore the nature of solar wind turbulence focusing on the Alfv\'enic character and power spectra of the fluctuations and their dependence on distance and context (i.e. large scale solar…

Close to Earth the solar wind is usually super-Alfv\'enic, i.e. the speed of the solar wind is much larger than the Alfv\'en speed. However, in the lower coronal regions, the solar wind is mostly sub-Alfv\'enic. With the Parker Solar Probe…

Broadly, solar wind source regions can be classified by their magnetic topology as intermittently and continuously open to the heliosphere. Early models of solar wind acceleration do not account for the fastest, non-transient solar wind…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-29 B. L. Alterman

We study the parametric decay instability of parallel propagating Alfv\'en wave in a low-beta plasma using one-dimensional fully kinetic simulations. We focus for the first time on the conversion of the energy stored in the initial Alfv\'en…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-02 C. A Gonzalez , Maria Elena Innocenti , Anna Tenerani

The relationship between a decaying strong turbulence and kinetic instabilities in a slowly expanding plasma is investigated using two-dimensional (2-D) hybrid expanding box simulations. We impose an initial ambient magnetic field…

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