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This paper presents a deep learning architecture for nowcasting of precipitation almost globally every 30 min with a 4-hour lead time. The architecture fuses a U-Net and a convolutional long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network and is…
This study aims at introducing two conservative thermodynamic variables (moist-air entropy potential temperature and total water content) into a one-dimensional variational data assimilation system (1D-Var) to demonstrate the benefit for…
Data assimilation (DA) estimates the state of an evolving dynamical system from noisy, partial observations, and is widely used in scientific simulation as well as weather and climate science. In practice, filtering methods rely on…
With the rapid development of data-driven machine learning (ML) models in meteorology, typhoon track forecasts have become increasingly accurate. However, current ML models still face challenges, such as underestimating typhoon intensity…
Accurate marine wind forecasts are essential for safe navigation, ship routing, and energy operations, yet they remain challenging because observations over the ocean are sparse, heterogeneous, and temporally variable. We reformulate wind…
Data Assimilation (DA) has enabled huge improvements in the skill of terrestrial operational weather forecasting. In this study, we use a variational DA scheme with a computationally efficient solar wind model and in situ observations from…
This work integrates ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) with the energy-aware hybrid modeling approach, applied to a three-layer quasi-geostrophic (QG) model of the Gulf Stream flow. Building on prior DA success in the QG channel regime,…
Data assimilation techniques are often confronted with challenges handling complex high dimensional physical systems, because high precision simulation in complex high dimensional physical systems is computationally expensive and the exact…
The four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) has emerged as an important methodology, widely used in numerical weather prediction, oceanographic modeling, and climate forecasting. Classical unconstrained gradient-based…
Despite the progress within the last decades, weather forecasting is still a challenging and computationally expensive task. Current satellite-based approaches to predict thunderstorms are usually based on the analysis of the observed…
Autonomous vehicles face major perception and navigation challenges in adverse weather such as rain, fog, and snow, which degrade the performance of LiDAR, RADAR, and RGB camera sensors. While each sensor type offers unique strengths, such…
Lightning flashes are rare albeit hazardous events. Despite this scarcity, generalized additive models (GAMs) succeed in producing a climatology of lightning occurrence for the eastern Alps and surrounding lowlands at an unprecedented…
Data assimilation (DA) combines model forecasts and observations to estimate the optimal state of the atmosphere with its uncertainty, providing initial conditions for weather prediction and reanalyses for climate research. Yet, existing…
Data assimilation provides algorithms for widespread applications in various fields. It is of practical use to deal with a large amount of information in the complex system that is hard to estimate. Weather forecasting is one of the…
Fuel moisture has a major influence on the behavior of wildland fires and is an important underlying factor in fire risk assessment. We propose a method to assimilate dead fuel moisture content observations from remote automated weather…
Data-driven machine learning (ML) models are reshaping weather forecasting and have shown the potential to accelerate and surpass traditional physics-based approaches, leading to a second revolution in the field after data assimilation.…
Data assimilation combines information from models, measurements, and priors to estimate the state of a dynamical system such as the atmosphere. The Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a family of ensemble-based data assimilation approaches…
Thunderstorms have significant social and economic impacts due to heavy precipitation, hail, lightning, and strong winds, necessitating reliable forecasts. Thunderstorm forecasts based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) often rely on…
Predictions of thunderstorm-related hazards are needed in several sectors, including first responders, infrastructure management and aviation. To address this need, we present a deep learning model that can be adapted to different hazard…
We explore the potential of three-dimensional data assimilation for assimilating sparsely-distributed 2-metre temperature observations across the coupled atmosphere-land interface into the soil moisture. Using idealised twin experiments…