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Gradient index (GRIN) fibers are used to improve the design of many fiber optic devices. However, the properties of the GRIN fiber must be determined to optimally engineer a device which incorporates GRIN fiber components. The index of…

We present in this work a numerical model for characterizing the scattering properties of the human lens. After analyzing the scattering properties of two main scattering particles actually described in the literature through Finite Element…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 A Cuadrado , LM Sanchez-Brea , FJ Torcal-Milla , JA Quiroga , JA Gomez-Pedrero

Conceptual studies and numerical simulations are performed for imaging devices that transform a near-field pattern into magnified far-zone images and are based on high-order spatial transformation in cylindrical domains. A lens translating…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alexander V. Kildishev , Vladimir M. Shalaev

We propose a new method for integrating metasurfaces in optical design using semi-analytical modelling of dielectric nanostructures. The latter computes the output phase of an electric field incident on the metasurface, allowing their use…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-28 Alexandre Cléroux Cuillerier , Jeck Borne , Simon Thibault

The tunable gamma-ray lens has turned out to be a promising alternative to the classical fixed-energy Laue-lenses discussed in the past. We describe here our development work on a miniature pedestal with one-axis tilt adjustment. We also…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-18 Niels Lund

Modern applications of strong gravitational lensing require the ability to use precise and varied observational data to constrain complex lens models. I discuss two sets of computational methods for lensing calculations. The first is a new…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles R. Keeton

Lenses with dynamic focal length, also called zoom functionality, enable a variety of applications related to imaging and sensing. The traditional approach of stacking refractive lenses to achieve this functionality results in an expensive,…

Robust object tracking requires knowledge and understanding of the object being tracked: its appearance, its motion, and how it changes over time. A tracker must be able to modify its underlying model and adapt to new observations. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Daniel Gordon , Ali Farhadi , Dieter Fox

We present a novel suite of cosmological N-body simulations called the DUSTGRAIN-pathfinder, implementing simultaneously the effects of an extension to General Relativity in the form of $f(R)$ gravity and of a non-negligible fraction of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-19 Carlo Giocoli , Marco Baldi , Lauro Moscardini

The collection of eye gaze information provides a window into many critical aspects of human cognition, health and behaviour. Additionally, many neuroscientific studies complement the behavioural information gained from eye tracking with…

Ray tracing algorithm simulates the physical movements of a huge amount of rays to render a high quality image, in which the tracing procedure for each ray can be implemented in parallel. By leveraging the inherent parallelism of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-30 Xi Lu , Hongwei Lin

The advent of 4$^\text{th}$ generation high-energy synchrotron facilities (ESRF-EBS and the planned APS-U, PETRA-IV and SPring-8 II) and free-electron lasers (Eu-XFEL and SLAC) allied with the recent demonstration of high-quality free-form…

Line-intensity mapping (LIM) is an emerging technique to probe the large-scale structure of the Universe. By targeting the integrated intensity of specific spectral lines, it captures the emission from all sources and is sensitive to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-15 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Nickolas Kokron , José Luis Bernal

Augmented reality display performance depends strongly on features of the human visual system. This is especially true for retinal scan glasses, which use laser beam scanning and transparent holographic optical combiners. Human-centered…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-03 Maximilian Rutz , Pia Neuberger , Simon Pick , Torsten Straßer

The "Breakthrough Starshot" aims at sending near-speed-of-light cameras to nearby stellar systems in the future. Due to the relativistic effects, a trans-relativistic camera naturally serves as a spectrograph, a lens, and a wide-field…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-28 Bing Zhang , Kunyang Li

Understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies over cosmic time is one of the foremost goals of astrophysics and cosmology today. The cosmic star formation rate has undergone a dramatic evolution over the course of the last 14…

Eye movements hold information about human perception, intention, and cognitive state. We propose a novel eye movement simulator that i) probabilistically simulates saccade movements as gamma distributions considering different peak…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Wolfgang Fuhl , Enkelejda Kasneci

Gravitational lensing has been identified as a powerful tool to address fundamental problems in astrophysics at different scales, ranging from exoplanet identification to dark energy and dark matter characterization in cosmology. Image…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-17 Andrés A. Plazas

In a general-relativistic spacetime (Lorentzian manifold), gravitational lensing can be characterized by a lens map, in analogy to the lens map of the quasi-Newtonian approximation formalism. The lens map is defined on the celestial sphere…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Volker Perlick

Prior to the invention of holography or lasers, Bragg's X-ray microscope opened the door to optical computation in short-wavelength studies using spatially coherent visible light, including phase retrieval methods. This optical approach…

Optics · Physics 2011-02-24 Wilfred K. Fullagar , David M. Paganin , Chris J. Hall