Related papers: Photonic polarization gears for ultra-sensitive an…
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light is a fundamental optical degree of freedom that has recently motivated much exciting research in diverse fields ranging from optical communication to quantum information. We show for the first time…
We report on the experimental implementation of a polarimeter based on a scheme known to be optimal for obtaining the polarization vector of ensembles of spin-1/2 quantum systems, and the alignment procedure for this polarimeter is…
The superposition of quantum states lies at the heart of physics and has been recently found to serve as a versatile resource for quantum information protocols, defining the notion of quantum coherence. In this contribution, we report on…
Quantum technologies exploit entanglement to enhance various tasks beyond their classical limits including computation, communication and measurements. Quantum metrology aims to increase the precision of a measured quantity that is…
Weak measurement has been proven to amplify the detection of changes in meters while discarding most photons due to the low probability of post-selection. Previous power-recycling schemes enable the failed post-selection photons to be…
The quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation predicts characteristic statistical fluctuations for light sources as diverse as sunlight, laser radiation and molecule fluorescence. Indeed, these underlying statistical fluctuations of light…
We provide a tool for measuring the Stokes parameters and the degree of polarization of single photons by employing second order interference, namely the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometer. It is shown that the technique is able to…
Quantifying the optical chirality of a sample requires the precise measurement of the rotation of the plane of linear polarisation of the transmitted light. Central to this notion is that the sample needs to be exposed to light of a defined…
Shaping single-mode operation in high-power fibres requires a precise knowledge of the gain-medium optical properties. This requires accurate measurements of the refractive index differences ($\Delta$n) between the core and the cladding of…
Photons are elementary particles of lights, which have both spin and orbital angular momentum as internal degrees of freedom. Nature of spin is known as polarisation, which is widely used for sunglasses, liquid-crystal displays,…
An example of a coherent measurement for the direct evaluation of the degree of polarization of a single-mode optical beam is presented. It is applied to the case of great practical importance where depolarization is caused by polarization…
Quantum measurements have been intensively researched over decades due to quantum advantage of Heisenberg limit beating the standard quantum limit toward potential applications of quantum metrology. The kernel of quantum measurements is in…
The manipulation of quantum entanglement has found enormous potential for improving performances of devices such as gyroscopes, clocks, and even computers. Similar improvements have been demonstrated for lithography and microscopy. We…
We present a weak measurement protocol that permits a sensitive estimation of angular rotations based on the concept of weak-value amplification. The shift in the state of a pointer, in both angular position and the conjugate orbital…
Optical modes with different orbital angular momentums (OAMs) per photon may be sorted by Mach-Zehnder interferometers incorporated with beam rotators, without resorting to OAM mode converters.
Interpretations of quantum mechanics (QM), or proposals for underlying theories, that attempt to present a definite realist picture, such as Bohmian mechanics, require strong non-local effects. Naively, these effects would violate causality…
Cavity optomechanics, where photons are coupled to mechanical motion, provides the tools to control mechanical motion near the fundamental quantum limits. Reaching single-photon strong coupling would allow to prepare the mechanical…
A surprising feature of the Kerr metric is the anisotropy of the speed of light. The angular momentum of a rotating massive object causes co- and counter-propagating light paths to move at faster and slower velocities, respectively as…
Here we show that, in principle it is possible to clone (measure) a single arbitrary unknown quantum state of a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particle (an electron) with arbitrary precision and with success probability tending to one, using protective…
We study the quantum properties of the polarization of the light produced in type II spontaneous parametric down-conversion in the framework of a multi-mode model valid in any gain regime. We show that the the microscopic polarization…