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Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is critical in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), where diagnostic uncertainty often drives broad-spectrum antibiotic use, increasing antimicrobial resistance and potential long-term harms. Machine…
Natural isolates of Bacillus subtilis are known for their ability to produce a large panel of bioactive compounds. Unfortunately, their recalcitrance to conventional molecular techniques limits their transcript studies. In this work,…
Nowadays, more effective control of hand hygiene (HH) by healthcare teams has become essential. HH control is crucial to prevent cross-contamination and healthcare-associated infections (HAI), according to Brazilian regulatory standards and…
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen, giving rise to antimicrobial resistance in cell strains such as Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Here we report an image analysis framework for automated detection and image…
Antibiotic resistance, which is a serious healthcare issue, emerges due to uncontrolled and repeated antibiotic use that causes bacteria to mutate and develop resistance to antibiotics. The Antibiotics Time Machine Problem aims to come up…
One in twenty-five patients admitted to a hospital will suffer from a hospital acquired infection. If we can intelligently track healthcare staff, patients, and visitors, we can better understand the sources of such infections. We envision…
The Covid-19 pandemic has taken millions of lives, demonstrating the tragedy and disruption of respiratory diseases, and how difficult they can be to manage. However, there is still significant debate in the scientific community as to which…
Major advances in public health have resulted from disease prevention. However, prevention of a new infectious disease by vaccination or pharmaceuticals is made difficult by the slow process of vaccine and drug development. We propose an…
The rubeola virus, commonly known as measles, is one of the major causes of vaccine-preventable deaths among children worldwide. This is the case despite the fact that an effective vaccine is widely available. Even in developed countries…
The recent ongoing coronavirus pandemic highlights the importance of hand hygiene practices in our daily lives, with governments and worldwide health authorities promoting good hand hygiene practices. More than one million cases of…
Computer infections such as viruses and worms spread over networks of contacts between computers, with different types of networks being exploited by different types of infections. Here we analyze the structures of several of these…
Diseases emerge, persist and vanish in an ongoing battle for available hosts. Hosts, on the other hand, defend themselves by developing immunity that limits the ability of pathogens to reinfect them. We here explore a multi-disease system…
Bacteraemia, a bloodstream infection with high morbidity and mortality rates, poses significant diagnostic challenges. Accurate diagnosis through blood cultures is resource-intensive. Developing a machine learning model to predict blood…
Blood cultures are often over ordered without clear justification, straining healthcare resources and contributing to inappropriate antibiotic use pressures worsened by the global shortage. In study of 135483 emergency department (ED) blood…
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is escalating and outpacing current antibiotic development. Thus, discovering antibiotics effective against emerging pathogens is becoming increasingly critical. However, existing approaches cannot rapidly…
The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread worldwide and has caused over 1,400,000 infections and 80,000 deaths. There are currently no drugs or vaccines with proven efficacy for its prevention and little knowledge was…
Multivariate meta-analysis (MMA) is a powerful tool for jointly estimating multiple outcomes' treatment effects. However, the validity of results from MMA is potentially compromised by outcome reporting bias (ORB), or the tendency for…
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as diagnostic testing and quarantine, are crucial for controlling infectious disease outbreaks but are often constrained by limited resources, particularly in early outbreak stages. In…
The control of epidemic spreading is essential to avoid potential fatal consequences and also, to lessen unforeseen socio-economic impact. The need for effective control is exemplified during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in…
Identifying pathogens in complex samples such as blood, urine, and wastewater is critical to detect infection and inform optimal treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and machine learning (ML) can distinguish among multiple…