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We present an algorithm, along with its implementation that finds T-optimal approximations of single-qubit Z-rotations using quantum circuits consisting of Clifford and T gates. Our algorithm is capable of handling errors in approximation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-30 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Dmitri Maslov , Michele Mosca

Several prominent quantum computing algorithms--including Grover's search algorithm and Shor's algorithm for finding the prime factorization of an integer--employ subcircuits termed 'oracles' that embed a specific instance of a mathematical…

In this work, we report on a novel quantum gate approximation algorithm based on the application of parametric two-qubit gates in the synthesis process. The utilization of these parametric two-qubit gates in the circuit design allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Péter Rakyta , Zoltán Zimborás

In this paper, we propose quantum circuits for runtime assertions, which can be used for both software debugging and error detection. Runtime assertion is challenging in quantum computing for two key reasons. First, a quantum bit (qubit)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Huiyang Zhou , Gregory Byrd

We present an implementation of multi-controlled quantum gates which provides significant reductions of cost compared to state-of-the-art methods. The operator applied on the target qubit is a unitary, special unitary, or the Pauli X…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Ben Zindorf , Sougato Bose

We propose two distinct methods of improving quantum computing protocols based on surface codes. First, we analyze the use of dislocations instead of holes to produce logical qubits, potentially reducing spacetime volume required.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-05 M. B. Hastings , A. Geller

Standard error correction techniques only provide a quantum memory and need extra gadgets to perform computation. Central to quantum algorithms are small angle rotations, which can be fault-tolerantly implemented given a supply of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-20 Earl T. Campbell , Joe O'Gorman

This paper considers the problem of quantum compilation from an optimization perspective by fixing a circuit structure of CNOTs and rotation gates then optimizing over the rotation angles. We solve the optimization problem classically and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Liam Madden , Albert Akhriev , Andrea Simonetto

We provide tools to help automate the error analysis of algorithms that evaluate simple functions over the floating-point numbers. The aim is to obtain tight relative error bounds for these algorithms, expressed as a function of the unit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Jean-Michel Muller , Bruno Salvy

The matrices that can be exactly represented by a circuit over the Toffoli-Hadamard gate set are the orthogonal matrices of the form $M/ \sqrt{2}{}^k$, where $M$ is an integer matrix and $k$ is a nonnegative integer. The exact synthesis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-22 Matthew Amy , Andrew N. Glaudell , Sarah Meng Li , Neil J. Ross

We present an algorithm for the approximate decomposition of diagonal operators, focusing specifically on decompositions over the Clifford+$T$ basis, that minimize the number of phase-rotation gates in the synthesized approximation circuit.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-13 Jonathan Welch , Alex Bocharov , Krysta M. Svore

Designing efficient quantum circuits is a central bottleneck to exploring the potential of quantum computing, particularly for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, where circuit efficiency and resilience to errors are paramount.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Jun Dai , Michael Rizvi-Martel , Guillaume Rabusseau

In fault-tolerant quantum computing, errors in unitary gate synthesis is comparable with noise inherent in the gates themselves. While mixed synthesis can suppress such coherent errors quadratically, there is no clear understanding on its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Seiseki Akibue , Hayata Morisaki , Kento Tsubouchi , Yasunari Suzuki

Noise characterization methods such as randomized benchmarking (RB) are critical for the development of scalable quantum computers. Modern RB protocols for multiqubit systems extract physically relevant error rates by exploiting the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Yale Fan , Riley Murray , Thaddeus D. Ladd , Kevin Young , Robin Blume-Kohout

Exact classical simulation of fault-tolerant quantum circuits remains limited by a tradeoff between exponential state vector scaling, exponential $T$-count scaling in stabilizer-rank approaches, and per-shot tracking overhead in sparse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Bradley A. Chase , Farrokh Labib

We present a method for quantum error mitigation on partially error-corrected quantum computers - i.e., computers with some logical qubits and some noisy qubits. Our method is inspired by the error cancellation method and is implemented via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Ben DalFavero , Ryan LaRose

We report a resource estimation pipeline that explicitly compiles quantum circuits expressed using the Clifford+T gate set into a surface code lattice surgery instruction set. The cadence of magic state requests from the compiled circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Tyler LeBlond , Christopher Dean , George Watkins , Ryan S. Bennink

Noise in existing quantum processors only enables an approximation to ideal quantum computation. However, these approximations can be vastly improved by error mitigation, for the computation of expectation values, as shown by small-scale…

Quantum circuits currently constitute a dominant model for quantum computation. Our work addresses the problem of constructing quantum circuits to implement an arbitrary given quantum computation, in the special case of two qubits. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Stephen S. Bullock , Igor L. Markov

Today's experimental noisy quantum processors can compete with and surpass all known algorithms on state-of-the-art supercomputers for the computational benchmark task of Random Circuit Sampling [1-5]. Additionally, a circuit-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 K. Kechedzhi , S. V. Isakov , S. Mandrà , B. Villalonga , X. Mi , S. Boixo , V. Smelyanskiy