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This survey is meant to provide an introduction to the fundamental theorem of linear algebra and the theories behind them. Our goal is to give a rigorous introduction to the readers with prior exposure to linear algebra. Specifically, we…
For an arbitrary rational polyhedron we consider its decompositions into Minkowski summands and, dual to this, the free extensions of the associated pair of semigroups. Being free for the pair of semigroups is equivalent to flatness for the…
For arbitrary F-algebra, in which the operation of addition is defined, I explore biring of matrices of mappings. The sum of matrices is determined by the sum in F-algebra, and the product of matrices is determined by the product of…
Free independence is an important tool for studying the structure of operator algebras. It is natural to ask from the model-theoretic standpoint whether free independence is captured well in first-order model theory via the notion of a…
The centrepiece of this paper is a normal form for primitive elements which facilitates the use of induction arguments to prove properties of primitive elements. The normal form arises from an elementary algorithm for constructing a…
In this paper we study algebraic sets of pairs of matrices defined by the vanishing of either the diagonal of their commutator matrix or its anti-diagonal. We find a system of parameters for the coordinate rings of these two sets and their…
Two fundamental constructions operating on residuated lattices and partially ordered monoids (pomonoids) are so-called nuclear images and conuclear images. Nuclear images allow us to construct many of the ordered algebras which arise in…
Common meadows are commutative and associative algebraic structures with two operations (addition and multiplication) with additive and multiplicative identities and for which inverses are total. The inverse of zero is an error term…
As an instance of a linear action of a Hopf algebra on a free associative algebra, we consider finite group gradings of a free algebra induced by gradings on the space spanned by the free generators. The homogeneous component corresponding…
The basic properties of the Temperley-Lieb algebra $TL_n$ with parameter $\beta = q + q^{-1}$, for $q$ any non-zero complex number, are reviewed in a pedagogical way. The link and standard (cell) modules that appear in numerous physical…
Using only basic topological properties of real algebraic sets and regular morphisms we show that any injective regular self-mapping of a real algebraic set is surjective. Then we show that injective morphisms between germs of real…
A quantitative model of concurrent interaction is introduced. The basic objects are linear combinations of partial order relations, acted upon by a group of permutations that represents potential non-determinism in synchronisation. This…
We investigate the special class of formulas made up of arbitrary but finite com- binations of addition, multiplication, and exponentiation gates. The inputs to these formulas are restricted to the integral unit 1. In connection with such…
We consider the 2-generated free metabelian associative and Lie algebras over the complex field and the invariants of the dihedral groups of finite order acting on these algebras. In the associative case we find a finite set of generators…
In homotopy type theory, a natural number type is freely generated by an element and an endomorphism. Similarly, an integer type is freely generated by an element and an automorphism. Using only dependent sums, identity types, extensional…
We construct large families of simple modules for untwisted affine Lie algebras using induction from one-dimensional modules over nilpotent loop subalgebras. We also show that the vector space of the first self-extensions for these module…
A fully invarient congruence relations on the free algebra on a given type induces a variety of the given type. In contrast, a congruence relation of the free algebra provides algebra of that type. This algebra is given by a so-called…
We set up an algebraic theory of multivariable integration, based on a hierarchy of Rota-Baxter operators and an action of the matrix monoid as linear substitutions. Given a suitable coefficient domain with a bialgebra structure, this…
The (matricial) solution set of a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) is a convex basic non-commutative semi-algebraic set. The main theorem of this paper is a converse, a result which has implications for both semidefinite programming and…
We show that an arbitrary algebra ${ A}$, (of arbitrary dimension, over an arbitrary base field and any identity is not suppose for the product), is semisimple if and only if it has zero annihilator and admits a semi-division linear basis.…