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The challenges of operating qubits in a cryogenic environment point to a looming bottleneck for large-scale quantum processors, limited by the number of input-output connections. Classical processors solve this problem via multiplexing;…
Research in the field of low-temperature electronics is limited by the small number of electrical contacts available on cryogenic set ups. This not only restricts the number of devices that can be fabricated, but also the device and circuit…
Solid-state qubits integrated on semiconductor substrates currently require at least one wire from every qubit to the control electronics, leading to a so-called wiring bottleneck for scaling. Demultiplexing via on-chip circuitry offers an…
We present a multiplexing scheme for the measurement of large numbers of mesoscopic devices in cryogenic systems. The multiplexer is used to contact an array of 256 split gates on a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure, in which each split gate can…
Semiconductor integrated circuits operated at cryogenic temperature will play an essential role in quantum computing architectures. These can offer equivalent or superior performance to their room-temperature counterparts while enabling a…
Quantum computers are nearing the thousand qubit mark, with the current focus on scaling to improve computational performance. As quantum processors grow in complexity, new challenges arise such as the management of device variability and…
Fast feedback from cryogenic electrical characterization measurements is key for the development of scalable quantum computing technology. At room temperature, high-throughput device testing is accomplished with a probe-based solution,…
Owing to the maturity of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microelectronics, qubits realized with spins in silicon quantum dots (QDs) are considered among the most promising technologies for building scalable quantum computers.…
We introduce and experimentally characterize a general purpose device for signal processing in circuit quantum electrodynamics systems. The device is a broadband two-port microwave circuit element with three modes of operation: it can…
In this paper, we present a reconfigurable multiplex (MUX) setup that increases the throughput of electrical characterisation at cryogenic temperature. The setup separates the MUX circuitry from quantum device under test (qDUT), allowing…
Accurate on-chip temperature sensing is critical for the optimal performance of modern CMOS integrated circuits (ICs), to understand and monitor localized heating around the chip during operation. The development of quantum computers has…
We make use of a custom-designed cryo-CMOS multiplexer (MUX) to enable multiple quantum devices to be characterized in a single cool-down of a dilution refrigerator. Combined with a packaging approach that integrates cryo-CMOS chips and a…
We demonstrate a 36$\times$36 gate electrode crossbar that supports 648 narrow-channel field effect transistors (FET) for gate-defined quantum dots, with a quadratic increase in quantum dot count upon a linear increase in control lines. The…
Building a fault-tolerant quantum computer will require vast numbers of physical qubits. For qubit technologies based on solid state electronic devices, integrating millions of qubits in a single processor will require device fabrication to…
We report a robust process for fabrication of surface-gated Si/SiGe quantum dots (QDs) with an integrated superconducting single-electron transistor (S-SET) charge sensor. A combination of a deep mesa etch and AlOx backfill is used to…
Quantum processing units will be modules of larger information processing systems containing also digital and analog electronics modules. Silicon-based quantum computing offers the enticing opportunity to manufacture all the modules using…
Scalable spin-based quantum computing demands precise and stable control of a large number of gate-defined quantum dots while minimizing wiring complexity and thermal load. Control architectures based on sample-and-hold (SH) multiplexing…
We present a method of forming and controlling large arrays of gate-defined quantum devices. The method uses a novel, on-chip, multiplexed charge-locking system and helps to overcome the restraints imposed by the number of wires available…
Time-division multiplexing of cryogenic signals is a promising approach to reduce space requirements, shorten cooldown times, and increase the number of quantum devices measured per cooldown. We demonstrate time-division multiplexing of…
The mass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution refrigerator. It is, therefore, beneficial to…