Related papers: Combination versus sequential monotherapy in chron…
Medical studies for chronic disease are often interested in the relation between longitudinal risk factor profiles and individuals' later life disease outcomes. These profiles may typically be subject to intermediate structural changes due…
Multidrug resistance consists of a series of genetic and epigenetic alternations that involve multifactorial and complex processes, which are a challenge to successful cancer treatments. Accompanied by advances in biotechnology and…
Humans, domestic animals, orchard crops, and ornamental plants are commonly treated with antibiotics in response to bacterial infection. By curing infectious individuals, antibiotic therapy might limit the spread of contagious disease among…
With the launch of second line anti-retroviral therapy for HIV infected individuals, there has been an increased expectation on surviving period of people with HIV. We consider previously well-known models in HIV epidemiology where the…
The instrumental variables (IV) method is a method for making causal inferences about the effect of a treatment based on an observational study in which there are unmeasured confounding variables. The method requires a valid IV, a variable…
Antimicrobial resistance is becoming a major threat to public health throughout the world. Researchers are attempting to contrast it by developing both new antibiotics and patient-specific treatments. In the second case, whole-genome…
A new detailed mathematical model for dynamics of immune response to hepatitis B is proposed, which takes into account contributions from innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as cytokines. Stability analysis of different steady…
One of the promising methods for the treatment of complex diseases such as cancer is combinational therapy. Due to the combinatorial complexity, machine learning models can be useful in this field, where significant improvements have…
A mathematical modeling of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) dynamics has been presented in this paper. The proposed model, which involves four coupled ordinary differential equations, describes the interaction of target cells (hepatocytes), infected…
Due to patient heterogeneity in response to various aspects of any treatment program, biomedical and clinical research is gradually shifting from the traditional "one-size-fits-all" approach to the new paradigm of personalized medicine. An…
Accurate models of clinical actions and their impacts on disease progression are critical for estimating personalized optimal dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) in medical/health research, especially in managing chronic conditions.…
In mathematical studies of the dynamics of multi-strain diseases caused by antigenically diverse pathogens, there is a substantial interest in analytical insights. Using the example of a generic model of multi-strain diseases with…
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are promising targets for vaccination and therapy against HIV. Passive infusions of bNAbs have shown promise in clinical trials as a potential alternative for anti-retroviral therapy. A key challenge…
In this paper, a tractable methodology is proposed to approximate stochastic optimal feedback treatment in the context of mixed immuno-chemo therapy of cancer. The method uses a fixed-point value iteration that approximately solves a…
Detection of interactions between treatment effects and patient descriptors in clinical trials is critical for optimizing the drug development process. The increasing volume of data accumulated in clinical trials provides a unique…
Many applied decision-making problems have a dynamic component: The policymaker needs not only to choose whom to treat, but also when to start which treatment. For example, a medical doctor may choose between postponing treatment (watchful…
Multi-Regional Clinical Trials (MRCTs) play a central role in the development of new therapies by enabling the simultaneous evaluation of drug efficacy and safety across diverse global populations. Assessing the consistency of treatment…
While many novel therapies have been approved in recent years for treating patients with multiple myeloma, there is still no established curative regimen, especially for patients with high risk disease. In this work, we use a mathematical…
Sustained treatment strategies are common in many domains, particularly in medicine, where many treatment are delivered repeatedly over time. The effects of adherence to a treatment strategy throughout follow-up are often more relevant to…
Comparative effectiveness research frequently employs the instrumental variable design since randomized trials can be infeasible for many reasons. In this study, we investigate and compare treatments for emergency cholecystitis --…