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In this review, we explore the historical development and future prospects of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning in astronomy. We trace the evolution of connectionism in astronomy through its three waves, from the early use of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-01 Michael J. Smith , James E. Geach

We discuss the reception of Copernican astronomy by the Proven\c{c}al humanists of the XVIth-XVIIth centuries, beginning with Michel de Montaigne who was the first to recognize the potential scientific and philosophical revolution…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2017-01-20 Jean-Pierre Luminet

In 1980 Kowal and Drake found that in December 1612 and January 1613 Galileo observed the planet Neptune. At that time, according to these authors, Galileo was able to measure angular separations with an accuracy of about 10 seconds of arc.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Enrico Bernieri , Gheorghe Stratan , Sara Bacchini , Liviu Mircea

In this article, we present new comments to the article On Kant's First Insight Into The Problem of Space Dimensionality and Its Physical Foundations. In particular, we discuss how the space concept is designed in the first writing of Kant.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-10-19 Francisco Caruso , Zulena dos Santos Silva

The question of annual stellar parallax is usually viewed as having been a "win-win situation" for seventeenth-century astronomers who subscribed to the Copernican view of universe in which the Earth orbits the Sun and the Sun is one of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Christopher M. Graney

The astronomical orientation of the acropolis of Alatri, Italy, is analyzed. The results support the idea that this town, with its magnificent polygonal walls, was constructed well before the Roman expansion.

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2009-02-16 Giulio Magli

This is a historian's view of how modern astronomy data can be used to discuss the shifting historical worldview of Late Antiquity. In this article an attemp is made to construct an approximate model of how the cycles of astronomical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 D. N. Starostin

In 1738, the King of Naples and future King of Spain, Carlos III, commissioned the Spanish military engineer Roque Joaqu\'in de Alcubierre to begin the excavations of the ruins of the ancient Roman city of Pompeii and its surroundings,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Paul Dario Toasa Caiza

In the words of the twentieth-century British mathematician G. H. Hardy, "the human function is to 'discover or observe' mathematics" (1). For centuries, starting from the ancient Greeks, mankind has hunted for beauty and order in arts and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Stefano Balietti

In this paper we present the results of an archaeoastronomical survey of three proto-historical sites located in the high Friulian plain (Galleriano, Gradisca and Savalons), dating from the end of the Early Bronze Age (1900 B.C.) to the end…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-09-25 Ferdinando Patat , Susi Corazza

For two decades the hot big-bang model has been referred to as the standard cosmology -- and for good reason. For just as long cosmologists have known that there are fundamental questions that are not addressed by the standard cosmology and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael S. Turner

Astrometry, the most ancient branch of astronomy, was facing extinction during much of the 20th century in the competition with astrophysics. The revival of astrometry came with the European astrometry satellite Hipparcos, approved by ESA…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-12 Erik Høg

Dome A in Antarctica has been demonstrated to be the best site on earth for optical, infrared, and terahertz astronomical observations by more and more evidence, such as excellent free-atmosphere seeing, extremely low perceptible water…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-13 Zhaohui Shang

We show that many ancient Indian mythological legends are really allegorical depictions of astronomical and other physical phenomena of which the composers had a good idea. This detail enables us to also use techniques of astronomical…

General Physics · Physics 2007-09-20 Burra G. Sidharth

In 1651 the Italian astronomer Giovanni Battista Riccioli published within his Almagestum Novum, a massive 1500 page treatise on astronomy, a discussion of 126 arguments for and against the Copernican hypothesis (49 for, 77 against). A…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-05-22 Christopher M. Graney

In an article published by Mauricio Nirenstein in 1925, a few months after the visit of Albert Einstein to Argentina, the author wrote various comments and references relative to the scientist's visit. In particular, Nirenstein mentioned a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2008-07-02 Alejandro Gangui , Eduardo L. Ortiz

Observational astronomy has shown significant growth over the last decade and has made important contributions to cosmology. A major paradigm shift in cosmology was brought about by observations of Type Ia supernovae. The notion that the…

General Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Ram Gopal Vishwakarma , Jayant V. Narlikar

The mysteries of the Universe are international, the skies are not crossed by borders. However, the knowledge is transmitted by language, imposing linguistic barriers that are often difficult to break through. Bulgaria is considered as an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-12-29 Valentin D. Ivanov

For two decades the hot big-bang model as been referred to as the standard cosmology -- and for good reason. For just as long cosmologists have known that there are fundamental questions that are not answered by the standard cosmology and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael S. Turner

The essay presents the results of a joint study of astronomy and archeology that has allowed to define the foundation date of the city of Turin as a Roman colony, called Iulia Augusta Taurinorum. This multidisciplinary research represents a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-01-31 Sandro Caranzano , Mariateresa Crosta