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A passive quantum key distribution (QKD) transmitter generates the quantum states prescribed by a QKD protocol at random, combining a fixed quantum mechanism and a post-selection step. By avoiding the use of active optical modulators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Víctor Zapatero , Wenyuan Wang , Marcos Curty

The decoy-state Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is widely regarded as the de facto standard for practical implementations. On the receiver side, passive basis choice is attractive because it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Akihiro Mizutani , Shun Kawakami , Go Kato

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Using the generalized Bell states and controlled not gates, we introduce an enatanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) of d-level states (qudits). In case of eavesdropping, Eve's information gain is zero and a quantum error rate of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Vahid Karimipour , Saber Bagherinezhad , Alireza Bahraminasab

In order to beat any type of photon-number-splitting attack, we propose a protocol for quantum key distributoin (QKD) using 4 different intensities of pulses. They are vacuum and coherent states with mean photon number $\mu,\mu'$ and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Xiang-Bin Wang

Quantum technology can enable secure communication for cryptography purposes using quantum key distribution. Quantum key distribution protocols provide a secret key between two users with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Venkat Abhignan , Abhishek Jamunkar , Gokul Nair , Mohit Mittal , Megha Shrivastava

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) can share secret keys by using less quantum resource than its fully quantum counterparts, and this likely makes SQKD become more practical and realizable. In this paper, we present a new SQKD protocol by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu

We show that the three-intensity protocol for measurement device independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) can be done with different light intensities in {\em only one} basis. Given the fact that the exact values yields of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-03 Zong-Wen Yu , Yi-Heng Zhou , Xiang-bin Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) systems provide a method for two users to exchange a provably secure key. Synchronizing the users' clocks is an essential step before a secure key can be distilled. Qubit-based synchronization protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Roderick D. Cochran , Daniel J. Gauthier

A detailled analysis of quantum key distribution employing entangled states is presented. We tested a system based on photon pairs entangled in energy-time optimized for long distance transmission. It is based on a Franson type set-up for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Gregoire Ribordy , Juergen Brendel , Jean-Daniel Gautier , Nicolas Gisin , Hugo Zbinden

We present two efficient quantum key distribution schemes over two different collective-noise channels. The accepted hypothesis of collective noise is that photons travel inside a time window small compared to the variation of noise.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Hong-Yu Zhou

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) allows two parties to generate multiple secure bits of information per detected photon. In this work, we show that decoy state protocols can be practically implemented for HD-QKD using only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-02 Darius Bunandar , Zheshen Zhang , Jeffrey H. Shapiro , Dirk R. Englund

Quantum key distribution (QKD) relies on single photon sources (SPSs), e.g. from solid-state systems, as flying qubits, where security strongly requires sub-Poissonian photon statistics with low second-order correlation values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Chanaprom Cholsuk , Furkan Ağlarcı , Daniel K. L. Oi , Serkan Ateş , Tobias Vogl

We develop an improvement to the weak laser pulse BB84 scheme for quantum key distribution, which utilizes entanglement to improve the security of the scheme and enhance its resilience to the photon-number-splitting attack. This protocol…

Semi-quantum key distribution is traditionally based on two-level quantum systems. In this paper, an unconditional security of a semi quantum key distribution protocol based on higher-dimensional systems using various mutually unbiased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Hasnaa Hajji , Morad El Baz

We propose a family of sifting-less quantum-key-distribution protocols which use reverse-reconciliation, and are based on weak coherent pulses (WCPs) polarized along m different directions. When m=4, the physical part of the protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-04 Fabio Grazioso , Frédéric Grosshans

Quantum key distribution can be performed with practical signal sources such as weak coherent pulses. One example of such a scheme is the Bennett-Brassard protocol that can be implemented via polarization of the signals, or equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Lütkenhaus , Mika Jahma

Differential phase shift quantum key distribution systems have a high potential for achieving high speed key generation. However, its unconditional security proof is still missing, even though it has been proposed for many years. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-28 Yi-Bo Zhao , Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Zheng-Fu Han , Guang-Can Guo

The quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users to share a common information-theoretic secure secret key. In order to guarantee the security of a practical QKD implementation, the physical system has to be fully characterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Aleksei Reutov , Andrey Tayduganov , Vladimir Mayboroda , Oleg Fat'yanov

A scheme is proposed by which two parties, Alice and Bob, can securely exchange real numbers. The scheme requires Alice and Bob to share entanglement and both to perform Bell-state measurements. With a qubit system two real numbers can each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sung Soon Jang , Hai-Woong Lee
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