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The performance and efficiency of running large-scale datasets on traditional computing systems exhibit critical bottlenecks due to the existing "power wall" and "memory wall" problems. To resolve those problems, processing-in-memory (PIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yinglin Zhao , Jianlei Yang , Bing Li , Xingzhou Cheng , Xucheng Ye , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Zhaohao Wang , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

The unprecedented growth in the field of machine learning has led to the development of deep neuromorphic networks trained on labelled dataset with capability to mimic or even exceed human capabilities. However, for applications involving…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Arjun Tyagi , Shubham Sahay

Circuit quantum electrodynamics, consisting of superconducting artificial atoms coupled to on-chip resonators, represents a prime candidate to implement the scalable quantum computing architecture because of the presence of good tunability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-03 T. H. Kyaw , S. Felicetti , G. Romero , E. Solano , L. -C. Kwek

As conventional memory technologies are challenged by their technological physical limits, emerging technologies driven by novel materials are becoming an attractive option for future memory architectures. Among these technologies,…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-28 Omid Kavehei , Said Al-Sarawi , Kyoung-Rok Cho , Kamran Eshraghian , Derek Abbott

Analog Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, their dependence on Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) for accumulating partial sums from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Shubham Negi , Utkarsh Saxena , Deepika Sharma , Kaushik Roy

Triangle counting (TC) is a fundamental problem in graph analysis and has found numerous applications, which motivates many TC acceleration solutions in the traditional computing platforms like GPU and FPGA. However, these approaches suffer…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Xueyan Wang , Jianlei Yang , Yinglin Zhao , Yingjie Qi , Meichen Liu , Xingzhou Cheng , Xiaotao Jia , Xiaoming Chen , Gang Qu , Weisheng Zhao

Recent breakthroughs in associative memories suggest that silicon memories are coming closer to human memories, especially for memristive Content Addressable Memories (CAMs) which are capable to read and write in analog values. However, the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Jiaao Yu , Paul-Philipp Manea , Sara Ameli , Mohammad Hizzani , Amro Eldebiky , John Paul Strachan

Currently, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is the most preferred Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) method due to its numerous advantages. However, increasing the scanning speed and reducing the interaction forces between the probe's tip and the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Serkan Necipoglu , Selman Cebeci , Yunus Has , Levent Guvenc , Cagatay Basdogan

Although we may be at the end of Moore's law, lowering chip power consumption is still the primary driving force for the designers. To enable low-power operation, we propose a resonant energy recovery static random access memory (SRAM). We…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Riadul Islam , Biprangshu Saha , Ignatius Bezzam

The attention mechanism is a key computing kernel of Transformers, calculating pairwise correlations across the entire input sequence. The computing complexity and frequent memory access in computing self-attention put a huge burden on the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ashkan Moradifirouzabadi , Divya Sri Dodla , Mingu Kang

The memory demands of large-scale deep neural networks (DNNs) require synaptic weight values to be stored and updated in off-chip memory like dynamic random-access memory, which reduces energy efficiency and increases training time.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Abhishek Kumar , Peter D. Hodgson , Manus Hayne , Avirup Dasgupta

Analog Content Addressable Memories (aCAMs) have proven useful for associative in-memory computing applications like Decision Trees, Finite State Machines, and Hyper-dimensional Computing. While non-volatile implementations using FeFETs and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Paul-Philipp Manea , Nathan Leroux , Emre Neftci , John Paul Strachan

Deep learning-based recommendation models (DLRMs) are widely deployed in commercial applications to enhance user experience. However, the large and sparse embedding layers in these models impose substantial memory bandwidth bottlenecks due…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yu-Hong Lai , Chieh-Lin Tsai , Wen Sheng Lim , Han-Wen Hu , Tei-Wei Kuo , Yuan-Hao Chang

A quantum random access memory (qRAM) is considered an essential computing unit to enable polynomial speedups in quantum information processing. Proposed implementations include using neutral atoms and superconducting circuits to construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Kevin C. Chen , Wenhan Dai , Carlos Errando-Herranz , Seth Lloyd , Dirk Englund

The application of Magnetic Random-Access Memory (MRAM) in computing-in-memory (CIM) has gained significant attention. However, existing designs often suffer from high energy consumption due to their reliance on complex analog circuits for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Deyang Yu , Chenchen Liu , Chuanjie Zhang , Xiao Fang , Weisheng Zhao

Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is a leading emergent memory technology that is poised to replace current non-volatile memory technologies such as eFlash. However, the scaling of MRAM technologies is heavily affected by…

The advent of memristive devices offers a promising avenue for efficient and scalable analog computing, particularly for linear algebra operations essential in various scientific and engineering applications. This paper investigates the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jonathan Lin , Frank Barrows , Francesco Caravelli

Computing-in-memory (CiM) is a promising technique to achieve high energy efficiency in data-intensive matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) by relieving the memory bottleneck. Unfortunately, due to the limited SRAM capacity, existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Yiming Chen , Guodong Yin , Zhanhong Tan , Mingyen Lee , Zekun Yang , Yongpan Liu , Huazhong Yang , Kaisheng Ma , Xueqing Li

Recently, in-memory analog matrix computing (AMC) with nonvolatile resistive memory has been developed for solving matrix problems in one step, e.g., matrix inversion of solving linear systems. However, the analog nature sets up a barrier…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Lunshuai Pan , Pushen Zuo , Yubiao Luo , Zhong Sun , Ru Huang

For decades, advances in electronics were directly driven by the scaling of CMOS transistors according to Moore's law. However, both the CMOS scaling and the classical computer architecture are approaching fundamental and practical limits,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Mohammed A. Zidan , YeonJoo Jeong , Jong Hong Shin , Chao Du , Zhengya Zhang , Wei D. Lu