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Let E be a plane in an algebraic torus over an algebraically closed field. Given a balanced 1-dimensional fan C in the tropicalization of E, i.e. in the Bergman fan of the corresponding matroid, we give a complete algorithmic answer to the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Andreas Gathmann , Kirsten Schmitz , Anna Lena Winstel

We consider circle packings in the plane with circles of sizes $1$, $r\simeq 0.834$ and $s\simeq 0.651$. These sizes are algebraic numbers which allow a compact packing, that is, a packing in which each hole is formed by three mutually…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Thomas Fernique

Algebraic hyperbolicity serves as a bridge between differential geometry and algebraic geometry. Generally, it is difficult to show that a given projective variety is algebraically hyperbolic. However, it was established recently that a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-10-01 Sharon Robins

Sphere packing problems have a rich history in both mathematics and physics; yet, relatively few analytical analyses of sphere packings exist, and answers to seemingly simple questions are unknown. Here, we present an analytical method for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-10-17 Natalie Arkus , Vinothan N. Manoharan , Michael P. Brenner

We find explicit formulas for the radii and locations of the circles in all the optimally dense packings of two, three or four equal circles on any flat torus, defined to be the quotient of the Euclidean plane by the lattice generated by…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-15 Madeline Brandt , William Dickinson , AnnaVictoria Ellsworth , Jennifer Kenkel , Hanson Smith

We extend the classical theory of sphere theorems to the transverse geometry of Riemannian foliations. In this setting, we establish transverse analogues of the Grove-Shiohama diameter sphere theorem and of the Berger-Klingenberg…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Francisco C. Caramello , Francisco A. Neubauer

We consider rational maps $f$ on the Riemann sphere $\widehat {\mathbb{C}}$ with an $f$-invariant set $P\subset \widehat {\mathbb{C}}$ of four marked points containing the postcritical set of $f$. We show that the dynamics of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Mario Bonk , Mikhail Hlushchanka , Russell Lodge

We consider packings of congruent circles on a square flat torus, i.e., periodic (w.r.t. a square lattice) planar circle packings, with the maximal circle radius. This problem is interesting due to a practical reason - the problem of "super…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-07-21 Oleg R. Musin , Anton V. Nikitenko

Haag, Kertzer, Rickards, and Stange disprove the Local-Global Conjecture for Apollonian circle packings. We extend their disproof to four more types of integral circle packing: the octahedral, cubic, square, and triangular packings. In each…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Hanqi Shi , Wenyuan Shi , Ian Whitehead , Ham Williams-Tracy , Jeffrey Zhirui Zhang

A circle packing is a collection of disks with disjoint interiors in the plane. It naturally defines a graph by tangency. It is shown that there exists $p>0$ such that the following holds for every circle packing: If each disk is retained…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-30 Ron Peled

In this paper, we apply the classical Perron method to give a proof of the existence and uniqueness/rigidity result of a circle pattern on a closed surface equipped with conical spherical metric when prescribed measures of the angles of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Lishan Li , Jun Hu , Yi Qi , Yu Sun

We suggest a way to associate to a rational map of the Riemann sphere a three dimensional object called a hyperbolic orbifold 3-lamination. The relation of this object to the map is analogous to the relation of a hyperbolic 3-manifold to a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Mikhail Lyubich , Yair Minsky

These lecture notes present a computation driven pathway from classical complex analysis to the theory of compact Riemann surfaces and their connections to algebraic geometry. The exposition follows a compute first then abstract philosophy,…

Continuing the investigations of Harborth (1974) and the author (2002) we study the following two rather basic problems on sphere packings. Recall that the contact graph of an arbitrary finite packing of unit balls (i.e., of an arbitrary…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-13 Karoly Bezdek

Topology of Foliations of the Riemann Surfaces given by the real part of generic holomorphic 1-forms, is studied. Our approach is based on the notion of Transversal Canonical Basis of Cycles (TCB) instead of using just one closed…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. P. Novikov

Thurston's sphere packing on a 3-dimensional manifold is a generalization of Thusrton's circle packing on a surface, the rigidity of which has been open for many years. In this paper, we prove that Thurston's Euclidean sphere packing is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-05-10 Xiaokai He , Xu Xu

\textit{Parastichies} are spiral patterns observed in plants and numerical patterns generated using golden angle method. We generalize this method by using Markoff theory and the theory of product of linear forms, to obtain a theory for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-27 S. E. Graiff Zurita , B. Kane , R. Oishi-Tomiyasu

We prove that every planar graph with maximum degree three has a planar drawing in which the edges are drawn as circular arcs that meet at equal angles around every vertex. Our construction is based on the Koebe-Thurston-Andreev circle…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-06-28 David Eppstein

According to a theorem of Eliashberg and Thurston a $C^2$-foliation on a closed 3-manifold can be $C^0$-approximated by contact structures unless all leaves of the foliation are spheres. Examples on the 3-torus show that every neighbourhood…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-10-19 Thomas Vogel

We extend the results of Riemannian geometry over finite groups and provide a full classification of all linear connections for the minimal noncommutative differential calculus over a finite cyclic group. We solve the torsion-free and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-12-24 Arkadiusz Bochniak , Andrzej Sitarz , Paweł Zalecki