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Related papers: Multi-setting Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger Paradoxe…

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We show how to construct states for which a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger type paradox occurs if each party measures either the position or momentum of his particle. The paradox can be ascribed to the anticommutation of certain translation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-22 Serge Massar , Stefano Pironio

We prove that for a three-qubit system in the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, locality per se is in conflict with the perfect GHZ correlations. The proof does not in any way use the realism assumption and can lead to a refutation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zeng-Bing Chen , Nai-Le Liu , Sixia Yu , Yong-De Zhang

We introduce a single real-valued functional $I(\vec{n}_1,\vec{n}_2)$, built from four three-qubit correlation expectation values, that turns the Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger (GHZ) algebraic paradox into a \emph{quantitative} witness of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Shengjun Wu , Kaichen Zhong , Jeffery Wu

Rotational symmetries of N-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states directly exhibit their nonlocality and render transparent the many possible measurements that produce absolute contradictions with local realism. While N measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jay Lawrence

We investigate cluster states of qubits with respect to their non-local properties. We demonstrate that a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) argument holds for any cluster state: more precisely, it holds for any partial, thence mixed, state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Valerio Scarani , Antonio Acin , Emmanuel Schenck , Markus Aspelmeyer

The $N$-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states are the maximally entangled states of $N$ qubits, which have had many important applications in quantum information processing, such as quantum key distribution and quantum secret…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Xing-Yan Fan , Jie Zhou , Hui-Xian Meng , Chunfeng Wu , Arun Kumar Pati , Jing-Ling Chen

The study of quantum nonlocality sharing has garnered significant attention, particularly for two-qubit and three-qubit entangled systems. In this paper, we extend the investigation to $n$-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Sk Sahadat Hossain , Indrani Chattopadhyay

In this paper, we show that there are eight distinct forms of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) argument for the four-qubit cluster state $|\phi_4>$ and forty eight distinct forms for the five-qubit cluster state $|\phi_5>$ in the case…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-31 Li Tang , Zeqian Chen , Zeng-Bing Chen

The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) argument against noncontextual local hidden variables is recast in quantum logical terms of fundamental propositions, states and probabilities. Unlike Kochen-Specker- and Hardy-like configurations, this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-29 Karl Svozil

We report the first experimental violation of local realism in four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entanglement. In the experiment, the non-statistical GHZ conflicts between quantum mechanics and local realism are confirmed,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Zhi Zhao , Tao Yang , Yu-Ao Chen , An-Ning Zhang , Marek Zukowski , Jian-Wei Pan

Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and their mixtures exhibit fascinating properties. A complete basis of GHZ-states can be constructed by properly choosing local basis rotations. We demonstrate this experimentally for the Hilbert…

Three arguments based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) proof of the nonexistence of local hidden variables are presented. The first is a description of a simple game which a team that uses the GHZ method will always win. The second…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Vaidman

As a development of our previous work, this paper is concerned with the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) nonlocality for continuous variable cases. The discussion is based on the introduction of a pseudospin operator, which has the same…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Zeng-Bing Chen , Yong-De Zhang

In this paper we show the series of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for N maximally entangled N-dimensional quantum systems.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Marek Zukowski

Characterizing entanglement of systems composed of multiple particles is a very complex problem that is attracting increasing attention across different disciplines related to quantum physics. The task becomes even more complex when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Shuheng Liu , Qiongyi He , Marcus Huber , Giuseppe Vitagliano

We propose a method of constructing the separability criteria for multipartite quantum states on the basis of entanglement witnesses. The entanglement witnesses are obtained by finding the maximal expectation values of Hermitian operators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-02 Xiao-yu Chen , Li-zhen Jiang , Zhu-an Xu

We show that for all $n\ge3$, an example of an $n$-partite quantum correlation that is not genuinely multipartite nonlocal but rather exhibiting anonymous nonlocality, that is, nonlocal but biseparable with respect to all bipartitions, can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-26 Yeong-Cherng Liang , Florian John Curchod , Joseph Bowles , Nicolas Gisin

We present a scheme for the multi-electron Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state analyzer, resorting to an interface between the polarization of a probe photon and the spin of an electron in a quantum dot embedded in a microcavity. All…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-24 Hai-Rui Wei , Bao-Cang Ren , Mei Zhang , Tao Li , Fu-Guo Deng

In quantum theory, no-go theorems are important as they rule out the existence of a particular physical model under consideration. For instance, the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) theorem serves as a no-go theorem for the nonexistence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-12 Jing-Ling Chen , Hong-Yi Su , Zhen-Peng Xu , Arun Kumar Pati

The multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state is a paradigmatic example of a highly entangled multipartite states with distinct quantum features. However, the GHZ state is very sensitive to generic decoherence processes, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-01 Florian Fröwis , Wolfgang Dür