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To determine the electron heat flux density on macroscopic scales, the most widely used approach is to solve a diffusion equation through a multi-group technique. This method is however restricted to transport induced by temperature…
Time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with 13 fs temporal resolution is used to follow the different stages in the formation of a Fermi-Dirac distributed electron gas in graphite after absorption of an intense 7 fs laser…
The extremely high power densities and short durations of single pulses of x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) have opened new opportunities in atomic physics, where complex excitation-relaxation chains allow for high ionization states in…
Lattice data for the QCD equation of state and the baryon susceptibility near the crossover phase transition (at zero baryon density) are used to determine the input parameters of a 5-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton holographic model…
Laser cooling methods for trapped ions are most commonly studied at low energies, i.e., in the Lamb-Dicke regime. However, ions in experiments are often excited to higher energies for which the Lamb-Dicke approximation breaks down. Here we…
A non--equilibrium occupation distribution relaxes towards the Fermi--Dirac distribution due to electron--electron scattering even in finite Fermi systems. The dynamic evolution of this thermalization process assumed to result from an…
Using a combination of ultraviolet-vacuum ultraviolet reflectivity and spectroscopic ellipsometry, we observe a resonant exciton at an unusually high energy of 6.3eV in epitaxial graphene. Surprisingly, the resonant exciton occurs at room…
Understanding the dynamics of photoexcited carriers is essential for advancing photoelectronic device design. Photon absorption generates electron-hole pairs, and subsequent scatterings can induce ultrafast thermalization within a…
We have used the free expansion of ultracold neutral plasmas as a time-resolved probe of electron temperature. A combination of experimental measurements of the ion expansion velocity and numerical simulations characterize the crossover…
A model calculation is given for the energy relaxation of a non-equilibrium distribution of hot electrons prepared in a metallic sample that has been subjected to homogeneous photo-excitation by a femtosecond laser pulse. The model assumes…
We examine electron-electron mediated relaxation following excitation of a correlated system by an ultrafast electric field pump pulse. The results reveal a dichotomy in the temporal evolution as one tunes through a Mott metal-to-insulator…
This contribution is a brief introduction to nonthermal effects related to modifications of the interatomic potential upon ultrafast excitation of the electronic system of solids, primarily focusing on the swift heavy ion track problem. We…
Photoionization by high-energy photons creates nonthermal electrons with a broad range of energies that heat and chemically transform the atmospheres of planets. The specifics of the interactions are notably different when the gas is atomic…
In order to exploit the intriguing optical properties of graphene it is essential to gain a better understanding of the light-matter interaction in the material on ultrashort timescales. Exciting the Dirac fermions with intense ultrafast…
We theoretically study the diamagnetic levitation and the thermal-driven motion of graphite. Using the quantum-mechanically derived magnetic susceptibility, we compute the equilibrium position of levitating graphite over a periodic…
We investigate theoretically the energy exchange between electrons of two co-propagating, out-of-equilibrium edge states with opposite spin polarization in the integer quantum Hall regime. A quantum dot tunnel-coupled to one of the edge…
Dynamical and thermal characterizations of excited nuclear systems produced during the collisions between two heavy ions at intermediate incident energies are presented by means of a review of experimental and theoretical work performed in…
We study the effect of atomic relaxation on the structure of moir\'e patterns in twisted graphene on graphite and double layer graphene by large scale atomistic simulations. The reconstructed structure can be described as a superlattice of…
Magnetic reconnection is an explosive energy release event. It plays an important role in accelerating particles to high non-thermal energies. These particles often exhibit energy spectra characterized by a power-law distribution. However,…
The modern means of controlled irradiation by femtosecond lasers or swift heavy ion beams can transiently produce such energy densities in samples that reach collective electronic excitation levels of the warm dense matter state where the…