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Highly energetic ions traversing a two-dimensional material such as graphene produce strong electronic excitations. Electrons excited to energy states above the work function can give rise to secondary electron emission, reducing the amount…
I explore the thermal evolution and ionization states in gas cooling from an initially hot state in the presence of external photoionizing radiation. I compute the equilibrium and nonequilibrium cooling efficiencies, heating rates, and ion…
In a dense plasma environment, the energy levels of an ion shift relative to the isolated ion values. This shift is reflected in the optical spectrum of the plasma and can be measured in, for example, emission experiments. In this work, we…
Direct measurements of photoexcited carrier dynamics in nickel are made using few-femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) transient absorption spectroscopy at the nickel M$_{2,3}$ edge. It is observed that the core-level absorption lineshape…
Ultrafast optical excitation of gold-cobalt bilayers triggers the nontrivial interplay between the electronic, acoustic, and magnetic degrees of freedom. Laser-heated electrons generated at the gold-air interface diffuse through the layer…
We compute the transient dynamics of phonons in contact with high energy "hot" charge carriers in 12 polar and non-polar semiconductors, using a first-principles Boltzmann transport framework. For most materials, we find that the decay in…
Understanding and controlling hot-carrier relaxation in graphene is crucial for advancing ultrafast optoelectronic and terahertz technologies. Here, we investigate carrier cooling dynamics in monolayer and bilayer graphene using…
We theoretically investigate the possibility of excitonic condensation in a system of two graphene monolayers separated by an insulator, in which electrons and holes in the layers are induced by external gates. In contrast to the recent…
We investigate the dynamics of an ion sympathetically cooled by another laser-cooled ion or small ion crystal. To this end, we develop simple models of the cooling dynamics in the limit of weak Coulomb interactions. Experimentally, we…
Identifying the microscopic nature of non-equilibrium energy transfer mechanisms among electronic, spin and lattice degrees of freedom is central for understanding ultrafast phenomena such as manipulating magnetism on the femtosecond…
We investigate the in-plane oscillations of the relaxed shape graphene due to externally applied tensile edge stress along both the armchair and zigzag directions. We show that the total elastic energy density is enhanced with temperature…
It has been shown that to calculate the parameters of the electrostatic field of the ion crystal lattice it sufficient to take into account ions located at a distance of 1-2 lattice spacings. More distant ions make insignificant…
A short overview of theoretical models for the description of the relaxation processes in metals excited by a short laser pulse is presented. The main effort is given to description of different processes which are taking place after…
We consider the near-field radiative energy transfer between two separated parallel plates: graphene supported by a substrate and a magneto-optic medium. We first study the scenario in which the two plates have the same temperature. An…
Non-thermal photo-ionized plasmas are now established in the laboratory, and require models that treat the atomic processes and electron distribution self-consistently. We investigate the effects of inelastic thermalization in iron under…
A minimal model for magnetic reconnection and, generally, low-frequency dynamics in low-beta plasmas is proposed. The model combines analytical and computational simplicity with physical realizability: it is a rigorous limit of gyrokinetics…
An understanding of how turbulent energy is partitioned between ions and electrons in weakly collisional plasmas is crucial for modelling many astrophysical systems. Using theory and simulations of a four-dimensional reduced model of…
Recently, Ksenofontov et al (arXiv:2510.03256) observed ambient pressure room-temperature superconductivity in graphite intercalated with lithium-based alloys with transition temperature (according to magnetization measurements) $T_c=330$…
Recently, a number of peculiar flares have been reported, which demonstrate significant non-thermal particle signatures with a low, if any, thermal emission, that implies close association of the observed emission with the primary energy…
Warming in complex physical systems, in particular global warming, attracts significant contemporary interest. It is essential, therefore, to understand basic physical mechanisms leading to overheating. It is well known that application of…