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The gaussoid axioms are conditional independence inference rules which characterize regular Gaussian CI structures over a three-element ground set. It is known that no finite set of inference rules completely describes regular Gaussian CI…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-08 Tobias Boege

We study the connection between probability distributions satisfying certain conditional independence (CI) constraints, and point and line arrangements in incidence geometry. To a family of CI statements, we associate a polynomial ideal…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-04-01 Oliver Clarke , Fatemeh Mohammadi , Harshit J. Motwani

Compositional graphoids are fundamental discrete structures which appear in probabilistic reasoning, particularly in the area of graphical models. They are semigraphoids which satisfy the Intersection and Composition properties. These…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Tobias Boege

The graphical structure of Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) encodes the conditional independence (CI) relations that hold in the modeled distribution. Graph algorithms, such as d-separation, use this structure to infer additional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Batya Kenig

The graphical structure of Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) represents the conditional independence (CI) relations that hold in the modeled distribution. Every separator in the graph represents a conditional independence relation in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Batya Kenig

The implication problem for conditional independence (CI) asks whether the fact that a probability distribution obeys a given finite set of CI relations implies that a further CI statement also holds in this distribution. This problem has a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-25 Mathias Drton , Leonard Henckel , Benjamin Hollering , Pratik Misra

Conditional Independence (CI) graphs are a type of probabilistic graphical models that are primarily used to gain insights about feature relationships. Each edge represents the partial correlation between the connected features which gives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Harsh Shrivastava , Urszula Chajewska

We introduce an algebraic concept of the frame for abstract conditional independence (CI) models, together with basic operations with respect to which such a frame should be closed: copying and marginalization. Three standard examples of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Tobias Boege , Janneke H. Bolt , Milan Studený

We study properties of semi-elementary imsets and elementary imsets introduced by Studeny (2005). The rules of the semi-graphoid axiom (decomposition, weak union and contraction) for conditional independence statements can be translated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-22 Takuya Kashimura , Tomonari Sei , Akimichi Takemura , Kentaro Tanaka

We take a general approach to uncertainty on product spaces, and give sufficient conditions for the independence structures of uncertainty measures to satisfy graphoid properties. Since these conditions are arguably more intuitive than some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Nic Wilson

A lattice-theoretic framework is introduced that permits the study of the conditional independence (CI) implication problem relative to the class of discrete probability measures. Semi-lattices are associated with CI statements and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Mathias Niepert , Dirk Van Gucht , Marc Gyssens

A lattice-theoretic framework is introduced that permits the study of the conditional independence (CI) implication problem relative to the class of discrete probability measures. Semi-lattices are associated with CI statements and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-11-03 Mathias Niepert , Dirk Van Gucht , Marc Gyssens

Semigraphoids are combinatorial structures that arise in statistical learning theory. They are equivalent to convex rank tests and to polyhedral fans that coarsen the reflection arrangement of the symmetric group. We resolve two problems on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Raymond Hemmecke , Jason Morton , Anne Shiu , Bernd Sturmfels , Oliver Wienand

We study a class of determinantal ideals that are related to conditional independence (CI) statements with hidden variables. Such CI statements correspond to determinantal conditions on a matrix whose entries are probabilities of events…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Oliver Clarke , Fatemeh Mohammadi , Johannes Rauh

Independence and Conditional Independence (CI) are two fundamental concepts in probability and statistics, which can be applied to solve many central problems of statistical inference. There are many existing independence and CI measures…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-17 Jian Ma

A partial automorphism of a semigroup $S$ is any isomorphism between its subsemigroups, and the set all partial automorphisms of $S$ with respect to composition is the inverse monoid called the partial automorphism monoid of $S$. Two…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-07-26 Simon M. Goberstein

The representation of independence relations generally builds upon the well-known semigraphoid axioms of independence. Recently, a representation has been proposed that captures a set of dominant statements of an independence relation from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Peter de Waal , Linda C. van der Gaag

Information Geometric Causal Inference (IGCI) is a new approach to distinguish between cause and effect for two variables. It is based on an independence assumption between input distribution and causal mechanism that can be phrased in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-12 Dominik Janzing , Bastian Steudel , Naji Shajarisales , Bernhard Schölkopf

We propose a method for inferring the conditional independence graph (CIG) of a high-dimensional Gaussian vector time series (discrete-time process) from a finite-length observation. By contrast to existing approaches, we do not rely on a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-28 Alexander Jung

A quasi-automatic semigroup is defined by a finite set of generators, a rational (regular) set of representatives, such that if a is a generator or neutral, then the graph of right multiplication by a on the set of representatives is a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Benjamin Blanchette , Christian Choffrut , Christophe Reutenauer
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