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Let $\pi_n$ be a uniformly chosen random permutation on $[n]$. The authors of [2] showed that the expected number of distinct consecutive patterns of all lengths $k\in\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ in $\pi_n$ was $\frac{n^2}{2}(1-o(1))$ as $n\to\infty$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Verónica Borrás-Serrano , Isabel Byrne , Anant Godbole , Nathaniel Veimau

We consider a model of a population of fixed size N in which each individual gets replaced at rate one and each individual experiences a mutation at rate \mu. We calculate the asymptotic distribution of the time that it takes before there…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-05-20 Jason Schweinsberg

Consider a string of $n$ positions, i.e. a discrete string of length $n$. Units of length $k$ are placed at random on this string in such a way that they do not overlap, and as often as possible, i.e. until all spacings between neighboring…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Chris A. J. Klaassen , J. Theo Runnenburg

Given a pattern $p = s_1x_1s_2x_2\cdots s_{r-1}x_{r-1}s_r$ such that $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_{r-1}\in\{x,\overset{{}_{\leftarrow}}{x}\}$, where $x$ is a variable and $\overset{{}_{\leftarrow}}{x}$ its reversal, and $s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_r$ are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Dmitry Kosolobov , Florin Manea , Dirk Nowotka

Let $N_n=\{1,2,...,n\}$. Elements are drawn from the set $N_n$ with replacement, assuming that each element has probability $1/n$ of being drawn. We determine the limiting distributions for the waiting time until the given portion of pairs…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Pavle Mladenović

We determine the probability distribution for relative projective objects in an exceptional sequence of type $A_n$ of any length. We show that these events (the $j$-th object in an exceptional sequence of length $k\le n$ being relatively…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-09 Kiyoshi Igusa

Various approaches to alignment-free sequence comparison are based on the length of exact or inexact word matches between two input sequences. Haubold {\em et al.} (2009) showed how the average number of substitutions between two DNA…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-06 Burkhard Morgenstern , Svenja Schöbel , Chris-André Leimeister

A sample of n generic points in the xy-plane defines a permutation that relates their ranks along the two axes. Every subset of k points similarly defines a pattern, which occurs in that permutation. The number of occurrences of small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Chaim Even-Zohar , Calvin Leng

A superpermutation is a sequence that contains every permutation of $n$ distinct symbols as a contiguous substring. For instance, a valid example for three symbols is a sequence that contains all six permutations. This paper introduces a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Dhruv Ajmera

Let $V$ be an $n$-set, and let $X$ be a random variable taking values in the powerset of $V$. Suppose we are given a sequence of random coupons $X_1, X_2, \ldots $, where the $X_i$ are independent random variables with distribution given by…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-01-19 Victor Falgas-Ravry , Joel Larsson , Klas Markström

A subsequence of a word $w$ is a word $u$ such that $u = w[i_1] w[i_2] , \dots w[i_{|u|}]$, for some set of indices $1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < \dots < i_k \leq |w|$. A word $w$ is $k$-subsequence universal over an alphabet $\Sigma$ if every word…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Duncan Adamson

We study the statistical properties of the complex generalization of Wigner time delay $\tau_\text{W}$ for sub-unitary wave chaotic scattering systems. We first demonstrate theoretically that the mean value of the $\text{Re}[\tau_\text{W}]$…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-11-15 Lei Chen , Steven M. Anlage , Yan V. Fyodorov

The process of pattern formation for a multi-species model anchored on a time varying network is studied. A non homogeneous perturbation superposed to an homogeneous stable fixed point can amplify, as follows a novel mechanism of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-11 Julien Petit , Ben Lauwens , Duccio Fanelli , Timoteo Carletti

This study investigates how the interaction between gene expression time delay and domain size governs spatio-temporal pattern formation in a reaction-diffusion system. To investigate these phenomena, we utilize a modified version of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Nirmali Prabha Das , István Balázs , Bornali Das , Gergely Röst

The $d$-dimensional pattern matching problem is to find an occurrence of a pattern of length $m \times \dots \times m$ within a text of length $n \times \dots \times n$, with $n \ge m$. This task models various problems in text and image…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-27 Ashley Montanaro

For a random graph on n vertices where the edges appear with individual rates, we give exact formulas for the expected time at which the number of components has gone down to k and the expected length of the corresponding minimal spanning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Henrik Eriksson , Kimmo Eriksson , Jonas Sjostrand

The chronicle of prime numbers travel back thousands of years in human history. Not only the traits of prime numbers have surprised people, but also all those endeavors made for ages to find a pattern in the appearance of prime numbers has…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Tashreef Muhammad , G. M. Shahariar , Tahsin Aziz , Mohammad Shafiul Alam

In the unidimensional unfolding model, given m objects in general position there arise 1+m(m-1)/2 rankings. The set of rankings is called the ranking pattern of the m given objects. By changing these m objects, we can generate various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-07-11 H. Kamiya , P. Orlik , A. Takemura , H. Terao

A class of cubic networks composed of a regular one-dimensional lattice and a set of long-range links is introduced. Networks parametrized by a positive integer k are constructed by starting from a one-dimensional lattice and iteratively…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Róbert Juhász

Subsequence-based time series classification algorithms provide accurate and interpretable models, but training these models is extremely computation intensive. The asymptotic time complexity of subsequence-based algorithms remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Atif Raza , Stefan Kramer