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The Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system has been introduced as a simple, very low cost and efficient classical physical alternative to quantum key distribution systems. The ideal system uses only a few electronic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Gergely Vadai , Robert Mingesz , Zoltan Gingl

We introduce two new Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure key distribution schemes which are generalizations of the original KLJN scheme. The first of these, the Random-Resistor (RR-) KLJN scheme, uses random resistors with values…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-03-04 Laszlo Bela Kish , Claes-Goran Granqvist

The information-theoretically (unconditionally) secure Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) bit exchange protocol uses two identical resistor pairs with high (H) and low (L) resistance values, driven by Gaussian noise generators emulating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Recep Akif Tasci , Ibrahim Yildirim , Ertugrul Basar

We demonstrate the security vulnerability of the ideal Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) key exchanger against transient attacks. Transients start when Alice and Bob connect the wire to their chosen resistor at the beginning of each clock…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Shahriar Ferdous , Laszlo B. Kish

The information theoretically secure Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) key exchange scheme, similarly to quantum key distribution (QKD), is also potentially vulnerable against clock attacks, where Eve takes over the control of clock…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Laszlo B. Kish

The Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) scheme is a statistical/physical secure key exchange system based on the laws of classical statistical physics to provide unconditional security. We used the LTSPICE industrial cable and circuit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-03 Hsien-Pu Chen , Muneer Mohammad , Laszlo B. Kish

In (Nature) Science Report 5 (2015) 13653, Vadai, Mingesz and Gingl (VMG) introduce a new Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure key exchanger that operates with 4 arbitrary resistors (instead of 2 arbitrary resistance values forming 2…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Shahriar Ferdous , Christiana Chamon , Laszlo B. Kish

In this paper, a Resistor Hopping (RH) scheme with the addition of biases is proposed for secure Kirchhoff Law Johnson-Noise (KLJN) communication. The RH approach enables us to increase the bit rate of secure communication between Alice and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 Hadi Zayyani , Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo , Mohammad Salman , Rausley A. A. de Souza

This dissertation demonstrates three new types of attacks against the KLJN scheme. The first attack type is based on compromised RNGs. The first RNG attacks are deterministic. First, Eve knows both noises. She can crack the bit via Ohm's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Christiana Chamon

This paper introduces and demonstrates four new statistical attacks against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange scheme. The attacks utilize compromised random number generators at Alice's/Bob's site(s). The case of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Christiana Chamon , Shahriar Ferdous , Laszlo B. Kish

This paper introduces and demonstrates two new attacks against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange scheme. The attacks are based on random number generators with compromised security. First we explore the situation in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Christiana Chamon , Shahriar Ferdous , Laszlo B. Kish

We introduce the so far most efficient attack against the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system. This attack utilizes the lack of exact thermal equilibrium in practical applications and is based on cable resistance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-03-30 Laszlo B. Kish , Claes-Goran Granqvist

A recent IEEE Access Paper by Gunn, Allison and Abbott (GAA) proposed a new transient attack against the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system. The attack is valid, but it is easy to build a defense for the KLJN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-19 Laszlo Bela Kish , Claes Goran Granqvist

The statistical-physics-based Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) key exchange offers a new and simple unclonable system for credit/debit card chip authentication and payment. The key exchange, the authentication and the communication are…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Laszlo Bela Kish , Kamran Entesari , Claes-Goran Granqvist , Chiman Kwan

Noise: an enemy to be dealt with and a major factor limiting communication system performance. However, what if there is gold in that garbage? In conventional engineering, our focus is primarily on eliminating, suppressing, combating, or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Ertugrul Basar

In this paper we determine the noise properties needed for unconditional security for the ideal Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key distribution system using simple statistical analysis. It has already been shown using physical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Zoltan Gingl , Robert Mingesz

It has been shown recently that the use of two pairs of resistors with enhanced Johnson-noise and a Kirchhoff-loop-i.e., a Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) protocol-for secure key distribution leads to information theoretic security…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-11-17 R. Mingesz , L. B. Kish , Z. Gingl , C. G. Granqvist , H. Wen , F. Peper , T. Eubank , G. Schmera

This article is a supplement to our recent one about the analysis of the noise properties in the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system [Gingl and Mingesz, PLOS ONE 9 (2014) e96109, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096109].…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Robert Mingesz , Gergely Vadai , Zoltan Gingl

This paper demonstrates the vulnerability of the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchanger to compromised random number generator(s) even if these random numbers are used solely to generate the noises emulating the Johnson…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Christiana Chamon , Shahriar Ferdous , Laszlo Kish

We review the security requirements for vehicular communication networks and provide a critical assessment of some typical communication security solutions. We also propose a novel unconditionally secure vehicular communication architecture…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-07-10 Y. Saez , X. Cao , L. B. Kish , G. Pesti
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