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The hydrodynamic interactions between a sedimenting microswimmer and a solid wall have ubiquitous biological and technological applications. A plethora of gravity-induced swimming dynamics near a planar no-slip wall provides a platform for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-14 Henry Shum , Devenayagam Palaniappan , Yuan-Nan Young

Suspensions of swimming micro-organisms are known to undergo intricate collective dynamics as a result of hydrodynamic and collision interactions. Micro-swimmers, such as bacteria and micro-algae, naturally live and have evolved in complex…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-31 Yasser Almoteri , Enkeleida Lushi

Microswimmers are exposed in nature to crowded environments and their transport properties depend in a subtle way on the interaction with obstacles. Here, we investigate a model for a single ideal circle swimmer exploring a two-dimensional…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-03-17 Oleksandr Chepizhko , Thomas Franosch

Copepod nauplii are larval crustaceans with important ecological functions. Due to their small size, they experience an environment of low Reynolds number within their aquatic habitat. Here we provide a mathematical model of a swimming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Jonas Balisacan , Monique Chyba , Corey Shanbrom , George Wilkens

We theoretically describe the dynamics of swimmer populations confined in thin liquid films. We first demonstrate that hydrodynamic interactions between confined swimmers only depend on their shape and are independent of their specific…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-11 Tommaso Brotto , Jean-Baptiste Caussin , Eric Lauga , Denis Bartolo

In this work a simple problem on 2D optimal shape for body immersed in a viscous flow is analyzed. The body has geometrical constraints and its profile would be found in the class of cubics which satisfy those conditions. The optimal…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2008-10-10 Gianluca Argentini

Microswimming cells and robots exhibit diverse behaviours due to both their swimming and their environment. One of the core environmental features impacting inertialess swimming is background flows. While the influence of select flows,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-30 Eamonn A. Gaffney , Kenta Ishimoto , Benjamin J. Walker

This study investigates the dynamics and controllability of a Purcell three-link microswimmer equipped with passive elastic torsional coils at its joints. By controlling the spontaneous curvature, we analyse the swimmers motion using both…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 Rossella Attanasi , Marta Zoppello , Gaetano Napoli

We study self propelled stokesian robots composed of assemblies of balls, in dimensions 2 and 3, and prove that they are able to control their position and orientation. This is a result of controllability, and its proof relies on applying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-02-12 François Alouges , Antonio DeSimone , Luca Heltai , Aline Lefebvre , Benoît Merlet

The properties of biological microswimmers are to a large extent determined by fluid-mediated interactions, which govern their propulsion, perception of their surrounding, and the steering of their motion for feeding or in pursuit.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-04 Segun Goh , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

Various microswimmers move along circles rather than straight lines due to their swimming mechanisms, body shapes or hydrodynamic effects. Here, we adopt the concepts of stochastic thermodynamics to analyze circle swimmers confined in a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-12-22 Zhiyu Cao , Huijun Jiang , Zhonghuai Hou

Swimming cells and microorganisms must often move though complex fluids that contain an immersed microstructure such as polymer molecules, or filaments. In many important biological processes, such as mammalian reproduction and bacterial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-08-06 Arshad Kamal , Eric E Keaveny

An optimal microswimmer with a given geometry has a surface velocity profile that minimizes energy dissipation for a given swimming speed. An axisymmetric swimmer can be puller-, pusher-, or neutral-type depending on the sign of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-08 Rafe Md Abu Zayed , Arezoo M. Ardekani , Amir Nourhani

We describe a method, based on techniques used in molecular dynamics, for simulating the inertialess dynamics of an elastic filament immersed in a fluid. The model is used to study the "one-armed swimmer". That is, a flexible appendage…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Cosentino Lagomarsino , F. Capuani , C. P. Lowe

The swimming of an assembly of rigid spheres immersed in a viscous fluid of infinite extent is studied in low Reynolds number hydrodynamics. The instantaneous swimming velocity and rate of dissipation are expressed in terms of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-25 B. U. Felderhof

We discuss a micro-swimmer model made of three spheres actuated by an internal active time-periodic force, tied by an elastic potential and submitted to hydrodynamic interactions with thermal noise. The dynamical approach we use, replacing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-23 R. Ferretta , R. Di Leonardo , A. Puglisi

We explore a mechanism of the anomalous rheology of active suspensions by hydrodynamic simulations using model pusher swimmers. Our simulations demonstrate that hydrodynamic interactions under shear flow systematically orient swimmers along…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-19 Haruki Hayano , Akira Furukawa

We combine a general formulation of microswimmmer equations of motion with a numerical bead-shell model to calculate the hydrodynamic interactions with the fluid, from which the swimming speed, power and efficiency are extracted. From this…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-03-07 Bram Bet , Gijs Boosten , Marjolein Dijkstra , René van Roij

The complex formations exhibited by schooling fish have long been the object of fascination for biologists and physicists. However, the physical and sensory mechanisms leading to organized collective behavior remain elusive. On the physical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-09 Anand U. Oza , Eva Kanso , Michael J. Shelley

We investigate the hydrodynamic interactions between microorganisms swimming at low Reynolds number. By considering simple model swimmers, and combining analytic and numerical approaches, we investigate the time-averaged flow field around a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-25 C. M. Pooley , G. P. Alexander , J. M. Yeomans