Related papers: A sum rule for charged elementary particles
In this article the concept of mass is analyzed based on the special and general relativity theories and particle (quantum) physics. The mass of a particle (m=E(0)/c^2) is determined by the minimum (rest) energy to create that particle…
Physicists have speculated about the properties of the quantum vacuum for at least 85 years; however, only recently have they understood the quantum vacuum sufficiently well to begin making testable predictions. Specifically, using…
The concept of QCD sum rules is extended to bound states composed of particles with finite mass such as scalar quarks or strange quarks. It turns out that mass corrections become important in this context. The number of relevant corrections…
The model of charge generation is based on the wave model of a particle, for which a brief description is given. The particle is comprised of two photons, captured in the volume of the particle, and reveals the complete relativistic…
Interactions with ordinary matter of a flux of high-speed uncharged dark matter particles pervasively present in space are examined. In this model, we find that the property of matter that we designate as mass becomes a measure of the…
The quantum scattering by smooth bodies is considered for small and large values of $kd$, with $k$ the wavenumber and $d$ the scale of the body. In both regimes, we prove that the forward scattering exceeds the backscattering. For high $k$,…
We state several ideas based on the view-point of particle behaviour of matter to explain wave character of photon and elementary particles. By using Newton's suggestion of light ray, we clarify integrally the behaviour of light ``wave''.…
The present standard model of cosmology states that the known particles carry only a tiny fraction of total mass and energy of the Universe. Rather, unknown dark matter and dark energy are the dominant contributions to the cosmic energy…
The properties of elementary particles and their interactions at different stages of the evolution of the Universe, starting with the Planck energy $ 10 ^{19} $ GeV, are presented. We assume that the Standard Model gauge group becomes…
Particle-antiparticle pairs are predicted by quantum field theory to appear as vacuum fluctuations. The model of the vacuum used here is postulated to have the following properties: To minimize the violation of conservation energy allowed…
The Standard Model of elementary particles is a theory unifying three of the four basic forces of the Nature: electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions. In this paper we consider the Standard Model in the presence of a classical…
The nucleon spectral function in nuclear matter fulfills an energy weighted sum rule. Comparing two different realistic potential, these sum rules are studied for Green's functions that are derived self-consistently within the $T$ matrix…
Except for crystalline or random structures, an agreed definition of complexity for intermediate and hence interesting cases does not exist. We fill this gap with a notion of complexity that characterises shapes formed by any finite number…
Based on fundamental properties of light scattering by a particle we reveal the existence of the ultimate upper limit for the light absorption by any partial mode. First, we obtain this result for scattering of a plane wave by a symmetric…
Some class of sums which naturally include the sums of powers of integers is considered. A number of conjectures concerning a representation of these sums is made.
An empirical formula relating the physical masses of elementary particles and the Fermi constant is proposed. Although no mechanism or theoretical model behind this formula is advocated, we seek for a possible physical interpretation. If…
We try to understand how particles acquire mass in general, and in particular, how they acquire mass in the standard model and beyond.
It is shown how the QCD sum rules can be applied for the investigation of the density dependence of the nucleon parameters. These characteristics can be expressed through the expectation values of QCD operators in nuclear matter. In certain…
In theories in which the parameters of the low energy theory are not unique, perhaps having different values in different domains of the universe as is possible in some inflationary models, the fermion masses would be distributed with…
Using the interquark potential we obtain a formula for the mass spectrum of elementary particles. The simple formula gives the masses of all known elementary particles with an error of about three percent or less. This includes the recently…