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Advances in computing power, deep learning architectures, and expert labelled datasets have spurred the development of medical imaging artificial intelligence systems that rival clinical experts in a variety of scenarios. The National…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-18 Rohan Shad , John P. Cunningham , Euan A. Ashley , Curtis P. Langlotz , William Hiesinger

The ethical integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare necessitates addressing fairness-a concept that is highly context-specific across medical fields. Extensive studies have been conducted to expand the technical components…

As a Ph.D. student with a diverse background in both public and private sectors, I have encountered numerous challenges in cross-disciplinary and multi-stakeholder team projects. My research on developing team compositions that involve…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Mohammed Almutairi , Diego Gómez-Zará

Large language model (LLM)-based AI agents are increasingly capable of complex clinical reasoning and may soon participate in medical decision-making with limited or no real-time human oversight. This shift raises fundamental questions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Tom Bisson , Henriette Voelker , Sanddhya Jayabalan , A John Iafrate , Jakob N Kather , Jochen K Lennerz

Artificial intelligence has significantly advanced healthcare, particularly through large language models (LLMs) that excel in medical question answering benchmarks. However, their real-world clinical application remains limited due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zhihao Fan , Jialong Tang , Wei Chen , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Jun Xi , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), reasoning models, and agentic AI approaches coincides with a growing global mental health crisis, where increasing demand has not translated into adequate access to professional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Kellie Yu Hui Sim , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo

Artificial intelligence (AI) continues to transform data analysis in many domains. Progress in each domain is driven by a growing body of annotated data, increased computational resources, and technological innovations. In medicine, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Ahmad Chaddad , Qizong lu , Jiali Li , Yousef Katib , Reem Kateb , Camel Tanougast , Ahmed Bouridane , Ahmed Abdulkadir

Clinical trials are pivotal for developing new medical treatments but typically carry risks such as patient mortality and enrollment failure that waste immense efforts spanning over a decade. Applying artificial intelligence (AI) to predict…

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical societal domains has amplified concerns about fairness, particularly regarding unequal treatment across sensitive attributes such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Munshi Mahbubur Rahman , Shimei Pan , James R. Foulds

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making a major impact on healthcare, particularly through its application in natural language processing (NLP) and predictive analytics. The healthcare sector has increasingly adopted AI for tasks such as…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Karan Hanswadkar , Anika Kanchi , Shivani Tripathi , Shi Qiao , Rony Chatterjee , Alekh Jindal

This article discusses the evolving role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the legal profession, focusing on its potential to streamline tasks such as document review, research, and contract drafting. However, challenges persist,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Sidra Nasir , Qamar Abbas , Samita Bai , Rizwan Ahmed Khan

As debates on potential societal harm from artificial intelligence (AI) culminate in legislation and international norms, a global divide is emerging in both AI regulatory frameworks and international governance structures. In terms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Sangchul Park

Healthcare AI systems have historically faced challenges in merging contextual reasoning, long-term state management, and human-verifiable workflows into a cohesive framework. This paper introduces a completely innovative architecture and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Zag ElSayed , Craig Erickson , Ernest Pedapati

Amidst the growing interest in developing task-autonomous AI for automated mental health care, this paper addresses the ethical and practical challenges associated with the issue and proposes a structured framework that delineates levels of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Declan Grabb , Max Lamparth , Nina Vasan

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed various sectors, including healthcare, where it holds the potential to revolutionize clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. However, its integration into medical settings brings…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Ellison B. Weiner , Irene Dankwa-Mullan , William A. Nelson , Saeed Hassanpour

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in working environments with individuals, known as Human-AI Collaboration (HAIC), has become essential in a variety of domains, boosting decision-making, efficiency, and innovation. Despite HAIC's…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-10 George Fragiadakis , Christos Diou , George Kousiouris , Mara Nikolaidou

The deployment of multiple AI-triage devices in radiology departments has grown rapidly, yet the cumulative impact on patient wait-times across different disease conditions remains poorly understood. This research develops a comprehensive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Michelle Mastrianni , Rucha Deshpande , Frank W. Samuelson , Yee Lam Elim Thompson

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is taking the world by storm. It promises transformative opportunities for advancing and disrupting existing practices, including healthcare. From large language models (LLMs) for clinical note…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Gang Chen , Changshuo Liu , Gene Anne Ooi , Marcus Tan , Zhongle Xie , Jianwei Yin , James Wei Luen Yip , Wenqiao Zhang , Jiaqi Zhu , Beng Chin Ooi

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing in healthcare, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of services across various specialties, including cardiology, ophthalmology, dermatology, emergency medicine, etc. AI applications…

There has been a surge of interest in leveraging speech as a marker of health for a wide spectrum of conditions. The underlying premise is that any neurological, mental, or physical deficits that impact speech production can be objectively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Si-Ioi Ng , Lingfeng Xu , Ingo Siegert , Nicholas Cummins , Nina R. Benway , Julie Liss , Visar Berisha