Related papers: Elementary numerosity and measures
We study the first-order axiomatisability of finite semiring interpretations or, equivalently, the question whether elementary equivalence and isomorphism coincide for valuations of atomic facts over a finite universe into a commutative…
We introduce the concept of boundariness capturing the most efficient way of expressing a given element of a convex set as a probability mixture of its boundary elements. In other words, this number measures (without the need of any…
The task of estimating a matrix given a sample of observed entries is known as the \emph{matrix completion problem}. Most works on matrix completion have focused on recovering an unknown real-valued low-rank matrix from a random sample of…
Mathematicians tend to use the phrase "arbitrarily close" to mean something along the lines of "every neighborhood of a point intersects a set". Taking the latter statement as a technical definition for arbitrarily close leads to an…
We introduce a new covering property, defined in terms of order types of sequences of open sets, rather than in terms of cardinalities of families. The most general form of this compactness notion depends on two ordinal parameters. In the…
A new notion of partition-determined functions is introduced, and several basic inequalities are developed for the entropy of such functions of independent random variables, as well as for cardinalities of compound sets obtained using these…
In this paper, the development of a mathematical method is presented to explore spatially non-uniform phases with no long-range order in mathematical models of first order phase transitions. We use essential results regarding the…
Diversities have recently been developed as multiway metrics admitting clear and useful notions of hyperconvexity and tight span. In this note we consider the analytic properties of diversities, in particular the generalizations of uniform…
Recently there has been several works estimating the number of $n\times n$ matrices with elements from some finite sets $\mathcal X$ of arithmetic interest and of a given determinant. Typically such results are compared with the trivial…
We explore the interplay between random and deterministic phenomena using a representation of uncertainty based on the measure-theoretic concept of outer measure. The meaning of the analogues of different probabilistic concepts is…
A countable group is residually finite if every nontrivial element can act nontrivially on a finite set. When a group fails to be residually finite, we might want to measure how drastically it fails - it could be that only finitely many…
Relations between elementary particles masses are given using only known physical constants, without any arbitrary number.
Gathering data through measurements is at the basis of every experimental science. Ideally, measurements should be repeatable and, when extracting only coarse-grained data, they should allow the experimenter to retrieve the finer details at…
This is an elementary introduction to infinite-dimensional probability. In the lectures, we compute the exact mean values of some functionals on C[0,1] and L[0,1] by considering these functionals as infinite-dimensional random variables.…
The classical de Finetti Theorem classifies the $\mathrm{Sym}(\mathbb N)$-invariant probability measures on $[0,1]^{\mathbb N}$. More precisely it states that those invariant measures are combinations of measures of the form…
We show that every free continuous action of a countably infinite elementary amenable group on a finite-dimensional compact metrizable space is almost finite. As a consequence, the crossed products of minimal such actions are…
We introduce the notion of a critical cardinal as the critical point of sufficiently strong elementary embedding between transitive sets. Assuming the axiom of choice this is equivalent to measurability, but it is well-known that choice is…
We completely determine the Brown measure of the sum of a self-adjoint element and an elliptic element, which is the limiting eigenvalue distribution of the random matrix \[Y_N+\sqrt{s-\frac{t}{2}}X_N+i\sqrt{\frac{t}{2}}X_N'\] where $Y_N$…
Newton in his Principia gives an ingenious generalization of the Hellenistic theory of ratios and inspired experimentally gives a tensor-like definition of multiplication of quantities measured with his ratios. An extraordinary feature of…
In this note we give an example of a nonmeasurable set in the probability space for an infinite sequence of coin flips. The example arises naturally from the notion of an equivariant function, and serves as a pedagogical illustration of the…