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We report a new approach for progressive and well-controlled downsizing of nanostructures below the 10 nm scale. Low energetic ion beam (Ar+) is used for gentle surface erosion, progressively shrinking the dimensions with ~ 1 nm accuracy.…
Dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers are the core detector elements of many experiments that conduct searches for Dark Matter and rare events, as well as in neutrino and high-energy physics. As part of this detector technology,…
Continuous monitoring of voltages ranging from tens to hundreds of kV over environmental conditions, such as temperature, is of great interest in power grid applications. This is typically done via instrument transformers. These…
We use fluorescent nanospheres as scalar detectors for the electric-field intensity in order to probe the near-field of an optical tip used in aperture-type near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). Surprisingly, the recorded…
High-index dielectric nanostructures have recently become prominent forefront alternatives for manipulating light at the nanoscale. Their electric and magnetic resonances with intriguing characteristics endow them with a unique ability to…
A first-principles approach is introduced to calculate electron field emission characteristics of nanostructures, based on the nonequilibrium Green function technique combined with the density functional theory. The method employs…
Continued dimensional scaling of semiconductor devices has driven information technology into vastly diverse applications. As the size of devices approaches fundamental limits, metrology techniques with nanometre resolution and…
For nanoscale electrical characterization and device fabrication it is often desirable to fabricate planar metal electrodes separated by large aspect ratio gaps with interelectrode distances well below 100 nm. We demonstrate a self-aligned…
In this work, Rayleigh microwave scattering was utilized to measure the electron number density produced by nanosecond high voltage breakdown in air between two electrodes in a pin-to-pin configuration (peak voltage 26 kV and pulse duration…
Electrostatic sensing technology is widely utilized in both military and civilian applications, including electrostatic prevention in gas stations and various electronic devices. The high sensitivity of electrostatic sensor is capable to…
Silicon-based photonic biosensors, such as microring resonators and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, offer significant potential for the detection of analytes at low concentrations. To enhance response time and improve the limit of detection…
Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) with high mobility, engineered in semiconductor heterostructures host a variety of ordered phases arising from strong correlations, which emerge at sufficiently low temperatures. The 2DEG can be…
Water electrolysis in a microsystem is observed and analyzed on a short-time scale ~10 us. Very unusual properties of the process are stressed. An extremely high current density is observed because the process is not limited by the…
Electrically driven on-chip electron sources that do not need to be heated have been long pursued because the current thermionic electron sources show the problems of high power consumption, slow temporal response, bulky size, etc., but…
While conventional optical trapping techniques can trap objects with submicron dimensions, the underlying limits imposed by the diffraction of light generally restrict their use to larger or higher refractive index particles. As the index…
The interaction of intense laser pulses with nano-scale particles leads to the production of high-energy electrons, ions, neutral atoms, neutrons and photons. Up to now, investigations have focused on near-infrared to X-ray laser pulses…
In recent years, compact nanodosimetric detectors based on ion multiplication in low-pressure gas have been developed and gained attention in the scientific community. These detectors use strong electric fields to collect and multiply…
Two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs) in functional oxides are promising for applications, but their fabrication and use, essentially limited to SrTiO$_3$-based heterostructures, are hampered by the need of growing complex oxide…
Nanoelectromechanical systems, or NEMS, are MEMS scaled to submicron dimensions. In this size regime, it is possible to attain extremely high fundamental frequencies while simultaneously preserving very high mechanical responsivity (small…
Nanostructured topological insulators (TIs) have the potential to impact a wide array of condensed matter physics topics, ranging from Majorana physics to spintronics. However, the most common TI materials, the Bi$_2$Se$_3$ family, are…