Related papers: Letter counting: a stem cell for Cryptology, Quant…
Recently, the invention of quantum computers was so revolutionary that they bring transformative challenges in a variety of fields, especially for the traditional cryptographic blockchain, and it may become a real thread for most of the…
Numeral systems across the world's languages vary in fascinating ways, both regarding their synchronic structure and the diachronic processes that determined how they evolved in their current shape. For a proper comparison of numeral…
Quantum key distribution (QKD) exploits the quantum nature of light to share provably secure keys, allowing secure communication in the presence of an eavesdropper. The first QKD schemes used photons encoded in two states, such as…
Language models (LMs) estimate a probability distribution over strings in a natural language; these distributions are crucial for computing perplexity and surprisal in linguistics research. While we are usually concerned with measuring…
Classical and quantum information are very different. Together they can perform feats that neither could achieve alone, such as quantum computing, quantum cryptography and quantum teleportation. Some of the applications range from helping…
Quantum networks are composed of nodes which can send and receive quantum states by exchanging photons. Their goal is to facilitate quantum communication between any nodes, something which can be used to send secret messages in a secure…
We propose a new statistical model for computational linguistics. Rather than trying to estimate directly the probability distribution of a random sentence of the language, we define a Markov chain on finite sets of sentences with many…
We consider the problem of slotted asynchronous coded communication, where in each time frame (slot), the transmitter is either silent or transmits a codeword from a given (randomly selected) codebook. The task of the decoder is to decide…
In this paper I propose a new way of measuring linguistic productivity that objectively assesses the ability of an affix to be used to coin new complex words and, unlike other popular measures, is not directly dependent upon token…
In-context learning (ICL) -- the capacity of a model to infer and apply abstract patterns from examples provided within its input -- has been extensively studied in large language models trained for next-token prediction on human text. In…
Machine learning techniques have had a long list of applications in recent years. However, the use of machine learning in information and network security is not new. Machine learning and cryptography have many things in common. The most…
Quantum encryption is a well studied problem for both classical and quantum information. However, little is known about quantum encryption schemes which enable the user, under different keys, to learn different functions of the plaintext,…
We investigate an entangled deformation of the deterministic quantum cloning process, called enscription, that can be applied to (certain) sets of distinct quantum states which are not necessarily orthogonal, called texts. Some basic…
For centuries, writers have hidden messages in their texts as acrostics, where initial letters of consecutive lines or paragraphs form meaningful words or phrases. Scholars searching for acrostics manually can only focus on a few authors at…
The annotation of textual information is a fundamental activity in Linguistics and Computational Linguistics. This article presents various observations on annotations. It approaches the topic from several angles including Hypertext,…
The origin of long-range letter correlations in natural texts is studied using random walk analysis and Jensen-Shannon divergence. It is concluded that they result from slow variations in letter frequency distribution, which are a…
We investigate the lattice of machine invariant classes. This is an infinite completely distributive lattice but it is not a Boolean lattice. We show the subword complexity and the growth function create machine invariant classes. So the…
The avalanche quantity of the information developed by mankind has led to concept of automation of knowledge extraction - Data Mining ([1]). This direction is connected with a wide spectrum of problems - from recognition of the fuzzy set to…
Beyond the local constraints imposed by grammar, words concatenated in long sequences carrying a complex message show statistical regularities that may reflect their linguistic role in the message. In this paper, we perform a systematic…
Many proofs in discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science are based on the probabilistic method. To prove the existence of a good object, we pick a random object and show that it is bad with low probability. This method is…