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In this paper, a meta-model called IRM4MLS, that aims to be a generic ground to specify and execute multi-level agent-based models is presented. It relies on the influence/reaction principle and more specifically on IRM4S. Simulation models…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2013-10-31 Gildas Morvan , Alexandre Veremme , Daniel Dupont

Metamodels, or the regression analysis of Monte Carlo simulation results, provide a powerful tool to summarize simulation findings. However, an underutilized approach is the multilevel metamodel (MLMM) that accounts for the dependent data…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-21 Joshua Gilbert , Luke Miratrix

This paper deals with the specification and the implementation of multi-level agent-based models, using a formal model, IRM4MLS (an Influence Reaction Model for Multi-Level Simulation), based on the Influence Reaction principle. Proposed…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-04-04 Gildas Morvan , Daniel Jolly

This article proposes a methodology to model and simulate complex systems, based on IRM4MLS, a generic agent-based meta-model able to deal with multi-level systems. This methodology permits the engineering of dynamic multi-level agent-based…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2013-11-21 Jean-Baptiste Soyez , Gildas Morvan , Daniel Dupont , Rochdi Merzouki

A complex system is made up of many components with many interactions. So the design of systems such as simulation systems, cooperative systems or assistance systems includes a very accurate modelling of interactional and communicational…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-01-19 Alain-Jérôme Fougères

Growing dimensionality of data calls for beyond-pairwise interactions quantification. Measures of multidimensional interactions quantification are hindered, among others, by two issues: 1. Interpretation difficulties, 2. the curse of…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-06-12 Rodríguez , Jhan , Bárdossy , András

A multilevel network is defined as the junction of two interaction networks, one level representing the interactions between individuals and the other the interactions between organizations. The levels are linked by an affiliation…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-04 Saint-Clair Chabert-Liddell , Pierre Barbillon , Sophie Donnet , Emmanuel Lazega

We introduce a framework to intertwine dynamical processes of different nature, each with its own distinct network topology, using a multilayer network approach. As an example of collective phenomena emerging from the interactions of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-04-05 Vincenzo Nicosia , Per Sebastian Skardal , Alex Arenas , Vito Latora

We propose a theoretical framework for the study of epidemics in structured metapopulations, with heterogeneous agents, subjected to recurrent mobility patterns. We propose to represent the heterogeneity in the composition of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-08-15 David Soriano-Paños , Laura Lotero , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes , Alex Arenas

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems based solely on neural networks or symbolic computation present a representational complexity challenge. While minimal representations can produce behavioral outputs like locomotion or simple…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-19 Bradly Alicea , Jesse Parent

We regard explanations as a blending of the input sample and the model's output and offer a few definitions that capture various desired properties of the function that generates these explanations. We study the links between these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Lior Wolf , Tomer Galanti , Tamir Hazan

In this paper, I outline several conceptual and methodological issues related to modeling individual and group processes embedded in clustered/hierarchical data structures. We position multilevel modeling techniques within a broader set of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-29 Amira Ibrahim El-Desokey

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be deployed in situations where they process positive/negative interactions with other agents. We study how this is done under the sociological framework of social balance, which explains the emergence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Pedro Cisneros-Velarde

The fixed-point analysis refers to the study of fixed-points that arise in the context of complex systems with many interacting entities. In this expository paper, we describe four levels of fixed-points in mean-field interacting particle…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Sarath Yasodharan , Rajesh Sundaresan

Multilevel models (mixed-effect models or hierarchical linear models) are now a standard approach to analysing clustered and longitudinal data in the social, behavioural and medical sciences. This review article focuses on multilevel linear…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-16 George Leckie

The article presents several approaches to the blockmodeling of multilevel network data. Multilevel network data consist of networks that are measured on at least two levels (e.g. between organizations and people) and information on ties…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-26 Aleš Žiberna

The complicated interactions in presence of disorder lead to a correlated randomization of states. The Hamiltonian as a result behaves like a multi-parametric random matrix with correlated elements. We show that the eigenvalue correlations…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Pragya Shukla

We introduce the nivel2 software for multi-level modelling. Multi-level modelling is a modelling paradigm where a model element may be simultaneously a type for and an instance of other elements under some constraints. This contrasts…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Timo Asikainen , Tomi Männistö , Eetu Huovila

The increased quantity of data has led to a soaring use of networks to model relationships between different objects, represented as nodes. Since the number of nodes can be particularly large, the network information must be summarised…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-03 Rémi Boutin , Pierre Latouche , Charles Bouveyron

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) usually take input as a concatenation of image token embeddings and text token embeddings and conduct causal modeling. However, their internal behaviors remain underexplored, raising the question of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Houjing Wei , Yuting Shi , Naoya Inoue
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