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We study how the spectral gap of the normalized Laplacian of a random graph changes when an edge is added to or removed from the graph. There are known examples of graphs where, perhaps counterintuitively, adding an edge can decrease the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-23 Ronen Eldan , Miklós Rácz , Tselil Schramm

The relationships between eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a product graph and those of its factor graphs have been known for the standard products, while characterization of Laplacian eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Kronecker product of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Milan Bašić , Branko Arsić , Zoran Obradović

We develop a nonlinear spectral graph theory, in which the Laplace operator is replaced by the 1-Laplacian ?$\Delta_1$. The eigenvalue problem is to solve a nonlinear system involving a set valued function. In the study, we investigate the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Kung Ching Chang

Here we study the spectral properties of an underlying weighted graph of a non-uniform hypergraph by introducing different connectivity matrices, such as adjacency, Laplacian and normalized Laplacian matrices. We show that different…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-28 Anirban Banerjee

In this paper we study the eigenvalues of the laplacian matrices of the cyclic graphs with one edge of weight $\alpha$ and the others of weight $1$. We denote by $n$ the order of the graph and suppose that $n$ tends to infinity. We notice…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Sergei M. Grudsky , Egor A. Maximenko , Alejandro Soto-González

In this paper, we investigate the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the "graph of graphs", in which cubic graphs of order n are joined together using Whitehead moves. Our work follows recent results from arXiv:2303.13923 , which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Michael Li

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of the plain eigenvalue, the main-plain index and the refined spectrum of graphs. We focus on the graphs with two main and two plain eigenvalues and give some characterizations of them.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-05 Sakander Hayat , Muhammad Javaid , Jack H. Koolen

We show that the multiplicity of the second normalized adjacency matrix eigenvalue of any connected graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ is bounded by $O(n \Delta^{7/5}/\log^{1/5-o(1)}n)$ for any $\Delta$, and by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-19 Theo McKenzie , Peter M. R. Rasmussen , Nikhil Srivastava

Based on matrix perturbation theory, closed-form analytic expansions are studied for a Laplacian eigenvalue of an undirected, possibly weighted graph, which is close to a unique degree in that graph. An approximation is presented to provide…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Piet Van Mieghem , Yingyue Ke

Due to the limited resources and the scale of the graphs in modern datasets, we often get to observe a sampled subgraph of a larger original graph of interest, whether it is the worldwide web that has been crawled or social connections that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Ashish Khetan , Harshay Shah , Sewoong Oh

In this paper, we investigate some relations between the invariants (including vertex and edge connectivity and forwarding indices) of a graph and its Laplacian eigenvalues. In addition, we present a sufficient condition for the existence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-23 Rong-Ying Pan , Jing Yan , Xiao-Dong Zhang

Spectral hypergraph theory has recently attracted considerable interest as it provides a natural framework for modeling higher-order relationships beyond classical graphs. In this setting, eigenvalues of adjacency, Laplacian, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Shashwath S Shetty , K Arathi Bhat

The graph Laplacian is an important tool in Graph Signal Processing (GSP) as its eigenvalue decomposition acts as an analogue to the Fourier transform and is known as the Graph Fourier Transform (GFT). The line graph has a GFT that is a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-23 Ian M. T. Rooney , Parker S. Kuklinski , David A. Hague

We consider the problem of designing spectral graph filters for the construction of dictionaries of atoms that can be used to efficiently represent signals residing on weighted graphs. While the filters used in previous spectral graph…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-11-06 David I Shuman , Christoph Wiesmeyr , Nicki Holighaus , Pierre Vandergheynst

Matching articulated shapes represented by voxel-sets reduces to maximal sub-graph isomorphism when each set is described by a weighted graph. Spectral graph theory can be used to map these graphs onto lower dimensional spaces and match…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Diana Mateus , Radu Horaud , David Knossow , Fabio Cuzzolin , Edmond Boyer

The area of Data Analytics on graphs promises a paradigm shift as we approach information processing of classes of data, which are typically acquired on irregular but structured domains (social networks, various ad-hoc sensor networks).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Ljubisa Stankovic , Danilo Mandic , Milos Dakovic , Milos Brajovic , Bruno Scalzo , Tony Constantinides

We characterize all graphs for which there are eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian having all their components in {-1,+1} or {-1,0,+ 1}. Graphs having eigenvectors with components in {-1,+1} are called bivalent and are shown to be the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-19 J-G. Caputo , I. Khames , A. Knippel

Several new spectral properties of the normalized Laplacian defined for oriented hypergraphs are shown. The eigenvalue $1$ and the case of duplicate vertices are discussed; two Courant nodal domain theorems are established; new quantities…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-23 Raffaella Mulas , Dong Zhang

Graphs possess exotic features like variable size and absence of natural ordering of the nodes that make them difficult to analyze and compare. To circumvent this problem and learn on graphs, graph feature representation is required. A good…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Edouard Pineau

Threshold graphs are generated from one node by repeatedly adding a node that links to all existing nodes or adding a node without links. In the weighted threshold graph, we add a new node in step $i$, which is linked to all existing nodes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Yingyue Ke , Willem H. Haemers , Piet Van Mieghem